氮硫共掺杂生物炭的制备及其对Ni^(2+)和Co^(2+)的吸附  

Preparation and adsorption performance of N,S-co-doped biochar for Ni^(2+)and Co^(2+)

作　　者：余谟鑫[1,2] 张振 史文旭 孙宇航 王晓婷 柯清平[1] YU Moxin;ZHANG Zhen;SHI Wenxu;SUN Yuhang;WANG Xiaoting;KE Qingping(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Ma'anshan 243002,Anhui,China;Sinosteel New Materials Co.,Ltd.,Ma'anshan 243002,Anhui,China;Magang(Group)Holding Co.,Ltd.,Ma'anshan 243002,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学化学与化工学院,安徽马鞍山243002 [2]中钢天源股份有限公司,安徽马鞍山243002 [3]马钢集团股份有限公司,安徽马鞍山243002

出　　处：《精细化工》2025年第1期186-196,共11页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：安徽省博士后科研项目(2021B547);安徽省教育厅自然科学研究项目(KJ2021A0399)。

摘　　要：以芦荟皮为原料、(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)为氮源和硫源,采用水热法制备了炭前驱体,再经高温热解制备了氮硫共掺杂生物炭(NSBC)。采用SEM、BET、XPS、Zeta电位对其进行了表征,考察了不同温度热解制备的NSBC对水溶液中Ni^(2+)、Co^(2+)的吸附性能,探究了NSBC吸附Ni^(2+)、Co^(2+)的热力学和动力学过程,分析了温度和pH对其吸附性能的影响,并推测其吸附机理。结果表明,NSBC表面为层片状堆积的多孔结构,热解温度800℃制备的NSBC_(800)具有分级多孔结构,微孔总体积0.07 cm^(3)/g,比表面积149 m^(2)/g,非微孔体积占比46%,其表面具有摩尔分数29.94%的O元素、4.79%的N元素和6.21%的S元素。NSBC_(800)对Ni^(2+)和Co^(2+)的最大平衡吸附量分别为245.70和223.71 mg/g。NSBC表面由O、N和S元素组成的化学官能团吸附Ni^(2+)和Co^(2+)反应生成盐或络合物,沉积在生物炭表面;Langmuir模型和拟二级动力学模型描述的NSBC对Ni^(2+)和Co^(2+)的吸附表明,该过程由化学吸附控制,通过络合作用、共沉淀、离子交换和静电吸引等机制实现对Ni^(2+)和Co^(2+)的吸附。Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped biochar(NSBC)was synthesized from high temperature pyrolysis of carbon precursor,which was prepared by hydrothermal method using aloe bark as raw material and(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)as nitrogen and sulfur sources,and then characterized by SEM,BET,XPS and Zeta potential.The adsorption performance of NSBC prepared by pyrolysis at different temperatures for Ni^(2+)and Co^(2+)in aqueous solution were evaluated,with the thermodynamic and kinetic processes explored.The influence of temperature and pH on their adsorption properties were analyzed,and the adsorption mechanism was speculated.The results showed that NSBC exhibited a lamellar and stacked porous surface structure.NSBC_(800)synthesized at 800℃displayed a hierarchical porous structure,with a non-microporous proportion of 46%,a micropore volume of 0.07 cm^(3)/g,and a specific surface area of 149 m^(2)/g,while the surface contained 29.94%(molar fraction)oxygen,4.79%nitrogen,and 6.21%sulfur.The maximum equilibrium adsorption capacities of NSBC_(800) for Ni^(2+)and Co^(2+)were 245.70 and 223.71 mg/g,respectively.The chemical functional groups consisting of oxygen,nitrogen,and sulfur elements on the surface of NSBC800 underwent significant changes after adsorbing Ni^(2+)and Co^(2+),which were able to react with metal ions to form salts or complexes,depositing on the biochar surface.The adsorption process of NSBC for Ni^(2+)and Co^(2+)was best described by the Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model,indicating that the adsorption process was chemisorption-controlled.Multiple mechanisms including chelation,co-precipitation,ion exchange,and electrostatic attraction were identified in synergy in the removal of Ni^(2+)and Co^(2+)from the waste solution.

关 键 词：氮硫共掺杂 芦荟皮 生物质 废弃电池 Ni^(2+) Co^(2+) 水处理技术 

分 类 号：TQ424[化学工程] X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]