现代主义的跨文化流动与转译 前川国男的“公寓别墅”——上海碧萝邨(1939—1941年)  

Cross-Cultural Flow and Translation of Modernism Mayekawa Kunio's "Immeuble-villas"--Shanghai Biluo Estate (1939-1941)

作　　者：刘刚[1] 江衍睿 侯雅洁 沈泽宇 LIU Gang;JIANG Yanrui;HOU Yajie;SHEN Zeyu

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《时代建筑》2024年第5期108-115,共8页Time + Architecture

摘　　要：淞沪抗战结束后,前川国男于1939—1941年间,在上海江湾地区为日伪华兴商业银行设计了三组高级行员宿舍。其中最具代表性的“碧萝邨”,以勒·柯布西耶的“公寓别墅”设想为渊源,完整保存至2023年春。由于长期位于军事管控区域,这一重要而罕见的现代主义本土化建筑实践鲜为人知。文章以此为案例,探讨了现代主义在欧亚文化圈、中日语境及传统与现代之间的流动与转译。历史实证内容包含三个维度:1)梳理规划与设计的历史事件脉络,揭示前川国男的规划批判与实践策略;2)深入分析该建筑的设计理念和空间特征,探索现代主义建筑的在地实践;3)与同期、同地的另外两位中日建筑师的作品进行比较研究,明确建筑精英们在现代性追求上的共性与个性。最后,跨越地理、文化、政治的三个维度,总结了前川国男的上海实践启示。After the Battle of Shanghai in1937,Mayekawa Kunio designed three groups of senior banker dormitories for the "Shanghai Hua Hsing Commercial Bank" in the Jiangwan area(1 939-1 941).The most representative one, "Biluo Estate," is based on Le Corbusier's idea of Immeuble-villas and was completely preserved until the spring of 2023.Due to its location in a military-controlled area for a long time,this important and rare modernist localized architectural practice is little known.The article explores the flow and translation of modernism in the European-Asian culture,the Chinese and Japanese contexts,and between tradition and modernity.The study contains three dimensions:1) compiling the historical events of planning and design,revealing Mayekawa Kunio's planning criticism and practical strategies;2) analyzing the design concept and spatial characteristics of the building and exploring the local practice of modernist architecture;3) conducting comparative research with two other Chinese and Japanese architects at the same time and place,to clarify the commonalities and individualities of the architectural elites in their pursuit of modernity.Finally,by spanning the three dimensions of geography,culture,and politics,Mayekawa Kunio's inspiration for Shanghai practice is summarized.

关 键 词：前川国男 现代主义建筑 近代上海 公寓别墅 跨文化流动与转译 

分 类 号：TU-86[艺术—艺术设计] TU-251[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论] TU-856TU113.66