传统村落保护与乡村旅游发展的共生机制研究——以贵州雷山县郎德苗寨为例  

On the Preservation of Traditional Villages and Sustainable Utilization of Rural Tourism Based on Symbiosis Theory:A Case Study of Langde Miao Village in Leishan County of Guizhou Province

作　　者：范建华 袁媛 FAN Jianhua;YUAN Yuan(The National Cultural Industry Research Center,Central China Normal University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学国家文化产业研究中心,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期35-44,共10页Journal of Guizhou Normal University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“中国村落影像文化志理论与实践研究”(20BMZ093);四川省哲学社会科学重点研究基地———四川革命老区发展研究中心2024年度项目资助“新乡贤制度参与四川乡村振兴的功能与路径”(SLQ2024SA-05)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：对传统村落实施保护的同时加快旅游经济发展,是深入实施乡村振兴战略、实现乡村共生发展的重要举措。借助共生理论这一视角,分析传统村落与乡村旅游以建立经济共同体实现经济共生、推动文旅融合促进文化共生、推进乡村振兴构建社会共生、巩固记忆共同体赋能环境共生的机制。以贵州雷山县郎德苗寨为个案,在传统村落保护与乡村旅游发展共生进程中面临人才外流、经济驱动力不足、文化遗产保护制度不健全、旅游营销推广薄弱、基础设施滞后及旅游产品同质化等问题。为此,需精准规划旅游区域,构建互利共生的多维路径:依托丰富的村落资源,以经济共生完善乡村旅游规划;挖掘民族文化资源,以文化共生反哺乡村旅游发展;发动新乡贤力量,以社会共生助推乡村智慧文旅;保护村落生态环境,以环境共生活化乡村旅游体验。Protecting traditional villages while promoting the development of their tourism economy is an important measure to advance the rural revitalization strategy and achieve the symbiotic development of rural areas.From the perspective of symbiosis theory,the symbiotic relationship between the protection of traditional villages and the development of rural tourism can be explored through the establishment of economic communities to achieve economic symbiosis,the promotion of cultural and tourism integration to foster cultural symbiosis,the deepening of rural revitalization to build social symbiosis,and the consolidation of memory communities to empower environmental symbiosis.Taking Langde Miao Village in Leishan County,Guizhou Province,as a case study,the research finds that in the process of symbiosis between traditional village protection and rural tourism development,challenges such as talent drain,insufficient economic momentum,an incomplete cultural heritage protection system,weak tourism marketing and promotion,lagging infrastructure,and the homogenization of tourism products are present.To address these issues,it is necessary to accurately plan the tourism area and construct a sustainable multi-dimensional path for symbiosis:relying on abundant village resources to improve rural tourism planning and achieve economic symbiosis;tapping into ethnic cultural resources to support rural tourism development through cultural symbiosis;mobilizing the power of new rural sages to promote smart cultural tourism through social symbiosis;and protecting the ecological environment of the village to create a harmonious rural tourism experience through environmental symbiosis.

关 键 词：传统村落 乡村旅游 共生理论 郎德苗寨 

分 类 号：G249.27[文化科学] F592[经济管理—旅游管理]