碹窑民居受力机理及加固方法研究  

Study on mechanical mechanism and reinforcement method of arch kiln dwellings

作　　者：高幸 王维玉 GAO Xing;WANG Weiyu(The State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;Research Institute of Architecture Science of Hebei Co.,Ltd.,Shijiazhuang 050021,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学海岸与近海工程国家重点实验室,大连116024 [2]河北省建筑科学研究院有限公司,石家庄050021

出　　处：《建筑结构》2025年第2期143-150,131,共9页Building Structure

基　　金：河北省建设厅项目(2018-2010)。

摘　　要：碹窑民居作为一种下部黄土夯筑、上部土坯成碹的特有结构,具有独特的传力机制及力学模型。基于FLAC3D有限差分软件建立碹窑数值模型,分析了碹窑民居的受力及变形特性,明确了材料强度对碹窑稳定性的影响,针对结构薄弱部位提出了具体加固措施。研究成果表明:夯土与土坯结构间缺少构造连接,切向应力沿接触面传递不连续;自重荷载下,碹窑拱顶易发生大幅度下沉继而引发纵向开裂。碹窑稳定性随材料强度折减系数的增大经历三个阶段,折减系数为1.0~1.4时处于稳定阶段,折减系数为1.4~1.6时处于为过渡阶段,折减系数为1.6~2.0时处于失稳阶段。针对窑鼻、夯土与土坯结构接触面及窑顶等薄弱部位提出了具体的加固措施,并通过爆破激振试验证实了加固措施的有效性。As a special structure with a rammed earth structure on the lower part and an adobe structure on the upper part,arch kiln dwellings have a unique force transmission mechanism and mechanical model.Based on the FLAC3D finite difference software,the numerical model of the arch kiln was established,the mechanical characteristics and deformation characteristics of the arch kiln dwellings were analyzed,the influence of material strength on the stability of the arch kiln was determined,and specific reinforcement measures were proposed for the weak parts of the structure.The research results show that there is no structural connection between the rammed earth structure and the adobe structure,and the shear stress on both sides of the contact surface is discontinuous.Under the self-weight load,the large displacement is prone to occur at the kiln vault,which leads to the longitudinal cracking.The stability of the arch kiln was divided into three stages with the increase of the strength reduction coefficient.When the reduction coefficient is 1.0~1.4,the arch kiln is in stable stage.When the reduction coefficient is 1.4~1.6,the arch kiln is in transition stage.When the reduction coefficient is 1.6~2.0,the arch kiln is in unstable stage.Specific reinforcement methods were proposed for weak parts such as the kiln nose,the contact surface of the rammed earth structure and the adobe structure,and the kiln vault.The effectiveness of the reinforcement measures was confirmed by blasting vibration test.

关 键 词：碹窑民居 生土建筑 受力机理 稳定性 加固技术 爆破激振试验 

分 类 号：TU361[建筑科学—结构工程] TU746.3