光丝间距对激光-MAG复合焊过程稳定性的影响研究  

Effect of Distance Between Laser Beam and Welding Wire(DLa)on Stability of Laser-Arc Hybrid Weldin

作　　者：颜铭良 张培磊[1] 曾杰 刘庆永 王清曌 汪认 于治水[1] Yan Mingliang;Zhang Peilei;Zeng Jie;Liu Qingyong;Wang Qingzhao;Wang Ren;Ju Zhishui(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai,201620,China;Shanghai Sany Heavy Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai,201306,China;CRRC Qingdao Sifang Co.Ltd.,Qingdao 266111,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学材料科学与工程学院,上海201620 [2]上海三一重机股份有限公司,上海201306 [3]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266111

出　　处：《应用激光》2024年第12期53-62,共10页Applied Laser

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52075317);上海市扬帆计划(21YF1432300)。

摘　　要：本研究对12 mm厚的AH36高强钢在不开坡口的情况下进行了激光-MAG复合焊接。研究了光丝间距对焊缝成形的影响,并借助高速摄影对焊接过程中的熔滴过渡行为和熔池流动行为进行了观察分析。结果表明:随着光丝间距的增加,两种热源的耦合效果逐渐减弱,匙孔区与电弧作用区的熔池逐渐分离,匙孔变得不稳定,熔融金属的流动行为波动较大。当D_(LA)=4 mm时,获得了最佳焊缝成形;当DLA=0、2 mm时,焊缝存在飞溅、咬边等缺陷;当D_(LA)=6、8、10 mm时,焊缝成形存在凹陷、气孔、驼峰等缺陷。随着DLA从0 mm增至10 mm,短路过渡的频率先减小后增加,激光对射流过渡阻碍效果逐渐减弱直至消失。This study conducted laser-MAG hybrid welding on 12 mm thick AH36 high-strength steel without beveling.The influence of the distance between the laser and the wire on weld bead formation was investigated,and high-speed photography was used to observe and analyze the behavior of droplet transfer and molten pool flow during the welding process.The results show that as the distance between the laser and the wire increases,the coupling effect of the two heat sources gradually weakens,the molten pool in the keyhole area gradually separates from the arc action area,the keyhole becomes unstable,and the flow behavior of the molten metal fluctuates significantly.When D_(LA)(Distance between Laser and Arc)is 4 mm,the best weld bead formation is achieved;when Dia is O,2 mm,the weld has defects such as spatter and undercut;when D_(LA) is 6,8,10 mm,the weld formation has defects such as depression,porosity,and hump.As DLa increases from O mm to 10 mm,the frequency of short-circuit transition first decreases and then increases,and the laser's hindrance effect on the jet transition gradually weakens until it disappears.

关 键 词：厚板激光-MAG复合焊接 光丝间距 熔滴过渡 熔池流动 焊缝成形 

分 类 号：TG456.7[金属学及工艺—焊接]