基于改进高频脉振注入法的PMSM低速域无位置传感器控制  

PMSM Low Speed Sensorless Control Based on Improved High Frequency Pulse Injection Method

作　　者：肖罡 廖琴[1] 李佳文 杨钦文 任林杰[4] XIAO Gang;LIAO Qin;LI Jiawen;Yang Qinwen;REN Linjie(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan Hunan 411201,China;Jiangxi Copper Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330096,China;College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China;School of Vehicle and Mobility,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学机电工程学院,湖南湘潭411201 [2]江西铜业技术研究院有限公司,南昌330096 [3]湖南大学机械与运载工程学院,长沙410082 [4]清华大学车辆与运载学院,北京100084

出　　处：《机械设计与研究》2024年第6期140-145,153,共7页Machine Design And Research

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2022JJ30019);江西省自然科学基金杰出青年基金项目(20224ACB218002);江西省高层次高技能领军人才培养工程资助项目;国家自然科学基金资助项目(52075159);广西大学省部共建特色金属材料与组合结构全寿命安全国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(2022GXYSOF24)。

摘　　要：在高频脉振电压注入法的零低速域永磁同步电机(permanent magnet synchronous motor,PMSM)无位置传感器控制中,多滤波器的使用和观测器的稳定性均会影响转子位置观测精度。为了提高PMSM转子位置观测环路滤波精度、动态性能以及抗扰性,进而提升控制系统性能,提出了一种基于改进高频脉振注入法的PMSM低速域无位置传感器控制策略,并验证了其有效性。首先,通过多频自适应陷波器(multi-frequency adap-tive notch filter,MANF)滤除高频信号中不同频次的谐波分量,获取准确的位置误差信号;其次,将系统的总扰动扩张为新的状态变量,设计线性扩张状态观测器对转子位置、转速以及转矩进行观测,提高转子位置观测精度;最后,通过0.26kW的PMSM无位置传感器控制性能测试实验平台完成有效性验证,结果表明:相较于传统高频脉振电压注入法,所提方法能够有效减少电机在稳态工况、变速工况以及变载工况的位置观测误差,提升控制系统动态性能和稳定性。In the high frequency pulse vibration injection method of zero voltage domain at low-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)without position sensor control,the use of multiple filters and the stability of the observer will affect the precision of rotor position.In order to improve the filtering accuracy,dynamic performance and immunity of PMSM rotor position observation loop,and improve the performance of the control system,this paper proposes a position sensorless control strategy in the low-speed domain of PMSM based on an improved high frequency pulse injection method,and verifies its effectiveness.Firstly,a multi-frequency adaptive notch filter(MANF)is used to filter out the harmonic components of different frequencies in the high-frequency signal,and the accurate position error signal is obtained.Secondly,the total disturbance of the system is expanded into a new state variable,and a linear expanded state observer is designed to observe the rotor position,speed and torque to improve the accuracy of the rotor position observation.Finally,the validity is verified by the 0.26kW PMSM position sensor control performance test experimental platform.The results show that compared with the traditional high-frequency pulse voltage injection method,the proposed method can effectively reduce the position observation errors of the motor under steady state,variable speed and variable load conditions,and improve the dynamic performance and stability of the control system.

关 键 词：永磁同步电机(PMSM) 无位置传感器控制 高频脉振注入法 信号误差提取 转子位置观测 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]