清热类中药防治糖尿病的作用及机制研究进展  

Progress on the Effect and Mechanism of Heat-clearing Traditional Chinese Medicine in Preventing and Treating Diabetes

作　　者：彭川 张丽花 彭庆娟[1] 冉思燕 谢亚青 李敏清[1,2] 何苗[1,2] 吴丽丽[3] 刘铜华[3,4] PENG Chuan;ZHANG Lihua;PENG Qingjuan;RAN Siyan;XIE Yaqing;LI Minqing;HE Miao;WU Lili;LIU Tonghua(Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,Dazhou Central Hospital,Dazhou 635000,China;Dazhou Central Hospital,Dazhou 635000,China;Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Health Preservation of Chinese Medicine,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]达州市中心医院康复医学科,达州635000 [2]达州市中心医院,达州635000 [3]北京中医药大学教育部中医养生学重点实验室,北京100029 [4]北京中医药大学,北京100029

出　　处：《世界科学技术-中医药现代化》2024年第11期2928-2936,共9页Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology

基　　金：北京中医药大学横向课题(1130065120002):中医药防治内分泌代谢病平台建设与创新中药和保健产品研发,负责人:刘铜华。

摘　　要：糖尿病是由于胰岛素分泌不足或胰岛素抵抗,临床以血糖升高为主要表现的慢性代谢性疾病。传统中医认为,糖尿病归属于中医“消渴病”,其基本病机为阴虚燥热,故治疗以清热润燥、养阴生津为主。随着中医理论不断完善和发展,越来越多的医家普遍认为“火热”贯穿于糖尿病发生发展的始终,而清热法则是治疗糖尿病的关键。中药功效理论认为清热类中药具有清热泻火的功效,其本身泻热存阴的作用,符合糖尿病的中医治疗原则。故本文综合近几年相关文献,对清热类中药防治糖尿病的作用及机制研究进行归纳总结,清热类中药降糖作用主要与保护胰岛β细胞功能、缓解胰岛素抵抗、抑制糖苷酶活性、降低炎症反应、缓解氧化应激以及调节肠道菌群等有关,并分析目前研究存在的问题以及未来发展趋势,以期为清热类中药防治糖尿病的药物开发与临床应用提供科学的理论基础。Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose due to insufficient insulin secretion or insulin resistance.According to traditional Chinese medicine,diabetes mellitus is classified as"Xiaoke disease"in Chinese medicine,and its basic pathogenesis is yin deficiency and fluids.With the continuous improvement and development of traditional Chinese medicine theory,more and more doctors generally believe that"hot"runs through the occurrence and development of diabetes and the heat-clearing method is the key to the treatment of diabetes.The theory of the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine believes that heat-clearing Chinese medicine has the effect of clearing heat and reducing fire,and its own effect of reducing heat and preserving Yin,which is in line with the principle of traditional Chinese medicine treatment of diabetes.Therefore,in this paper,we summarize the research progress on the role and mechanism of heat clearing herbs in the prevention and treatment of diabetes,mainly related to protection of pancreaticβ-cell function,improvement of insulin resistance,inhibition of glucosidase activity,reduce the inflammatory response,relieve oxidative stress and regulation of intestinal flora,and analyze the problems and development trend of the current research,in order to provide a scientific and theoretical basis for the drug development and clinical application of heat clearing traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of diabetes.

关 键 词：清热类中药 糖尿病 消渴 胰岛β 细胞功能 胰岛素抵抗 炎症 氧化应激 

分 类 号：R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌]