高比容量盐酸掺杂聚苯胺复合电极的制备及储能性  

Preparation and Energy Storage Performance of High Specific Capacity Hydrochloric Acid-Doped Polyaniline Composite Electrode

作　　者：阳欢 王彪 张修远 马安宁 田舜公 邓姝皓[1,2] Huan Yang;Biao Wang;Xiuyuan Zhang;Anning Ma;Shungong Tian;Shuhao Deng(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Materials Science and Engineering,Ministry of Education,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学材料科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410083 [2]中南大学有色金属材料科学与工程教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2024年第11期110-118,共9页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

摘　　要：导电聚苯胺(PANI)由于可逆的氧化还原性成为水性锌离子电池正极材料的研究热点。为解决PANI脱掺杂引起的导电性降低和降解造成的不稳定等问题,通常以石墨烯(GR)进行复合改性。但传统的化学氧化法制备的GR/PANI复合材料内部结构不够优异,且聚苯胺常用的掺杂剂(如SO_(4)^(2-))因低的质子/质量比而导致比容量不够理想。文中采用电化学聚合方法,在剥离石墨烯表面插层聚合盐酸掺杂的PANI复合电极(G-PANI),采取正交实验确定了最佳制备工艺,并与锌负极组成二次电池,研究了其储能性。得益于石墨烯表面提供的大量活性聚合位点,PANI呈纳米线生长,电极内部PANI与GR有效耦合,构建了稳定的三维纳米导电网状结构,促进了聚苯胺电荷离域,提高了电导率,有效提高了电极能量密度并稳定电极性能。在0.4 A/g放电电流密度下,首次5个循环放电过程展现出355.0 mA·h/g的高平均比容量;1 A/g放电电流密度下也有282.7 mA·h/g的平均比容,较硫酸掺杂聚苯胺电极容量更高,且具备不错的倍率性能。Conductive polyaniline(PANI)has become a research hotspot for aqueous zinc-ion battery materials due to its reversible oxidation property.To inhibit conductivity reduction and instability caused by dedoping and degradation,graphene is usually used for composite modification.However,the internal structure of graphene/PANI composite materials prepared by traditional chemical oxidation methods is not excellent enough,and the specific capacity of polyaniline doped with commonly used dopants(such as SO_(4)^(2-))is not ideal because of the low proton/mass ratio.An electrochemical polymerization method was applied to polymerize a hydrochloric acid-doped PANI composite electrode(G-PANI)in situ on the surface of exfoliated graphene.An orthogonal experiment is explored to determine the optimal preparation process,and it was combined with a zinc anode to form a secondary battery,to investigate its energy storage properties.Attribute to the large number of active polymerization sites provided on the surface of graphene,PANI grows in the form of nanofibers.Finally,PANI and graphene were effectively coupled inside the composite electrode to build a three-dimensional nano-conductive network structure.This structure can promote the energy density of the electrode and stabilize electrode performance on the premise of increasing the charge delocalization of polyaniline as well as the conductivity.Electrochemical analysis shows that at a discharge current density of 0.4 A/g,it exhibits an average high specific capacity of 355.0 mA·h/g during the initial 5-cycle of discharge;at a discharge current density of 1 A/g,the initial 5-cycle of discharge process also has an average specific volume of 282.7 mA·h/g.Compared with sulfuric aciddoped polyaniline electrodes,it has a higher capacity and is suitable for large current discharge,and good rate performance.

关 键 词：聚苯胺 盐酸掺杂 复合电极 高比容量 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]