污水来源对城镇污水处理厂富集菌群的影响  

Effects of wastewater sources on the enriched microorganisms in municipal wastewater treatment plant

作　　者：王柯丹 阎登科 陈晓蕾 邓军磊 宋红彪 李海松[2] WANG Kedan;YAN Dengke;CHEN Xiaolei;DENG Junlei;SONG Hongbiao;LI Haisong(Zhihe Environmental Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450000;College of Ecology and Environment,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001;College of Chemistry,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001)

机构地区：[1]知和环保科技有限公司,郑州450000 [2]郑州大学生态与环境学院,郑州450001 [3]郑州大学化学学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2025年第1期72-81,共10页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：河南省重点研发专项(No.231111320100)。

摘　　要：城镇污水处理厂(WWTP)接纳水体包括生活污水与工业尾水,但在WWTP富集菌群研究中很少对其进行区分,本文旨在探究不同污水来源对WWTP富集菌群的影响.不同来源的污水在特定反应单元为微生物提供多样的生长环境与生态位,从而富集独特的菌群.多样性分析结果发现,生活污水厂(接纳生活污水)微生物均匀性较高,群落结构相似,与市政污水厂(接纳生活污水与工业尾水)菌群不同.物种组成结果表明,不同污水来源富集菌群具有差异性(p<0.05):在生活污水厂富集微生物有Candidatus_Saccharibacteria、Acidobacteria、Gammaproteobacteria、Saccharibacteria、Gp6、Steroidobacter、Gp4;在市政污水厂富集菌是Verrucomicrobia、Deltaproteobacteria、Cytophagia、Bacteroidia、Thauera、Lewinella、Chryseolinea、Prosthecobacter.其中,Saccharibacteria、Gp6和Steroidobacter是生活污水厂生物标识,而Verrucomicrobia与Cytophagia是市政污水厂生物标识,且这些微生物具有较高的度,与较多微生物密切相关(网络图分析).此外,影响微生物群落结构最大的环境因子为TP、NH_(4)^(+)-N和TN,Chryseolinea与Prosthecobacter等与TP、NH_(4)^(+)-N和TN去除率密切相关;Pseudomonas、Acinetobacter、Steroidobacter等与NO_(3)^(-)-N、NH_(4)^(+)-N和TP去除率紧密相关.功能预测结果表明,反硝化、硫化合物氧化、氯酸盐还原等在市政污水厂富集,含甲基物质的代谢与发酵等在生活污水厂富集(p<0.05).The wastewater that entered municipal wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)varied,consisting of domestic wastewater and/or industrial effluent.However,they were rarely further distinguished in the microbiological investigation of WWTPs.The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence of different wastewater sources on enriched bacteria.Distinct wastewater sources provided a range of ecological niches and growth environments for microorganisms within certain reaction units,hence promoting the growth of unique bacteria.The diversity results demonstrated that the microbial community of domestic WWTPs(domestic wastewater)was high evenness and similar,but it was different from that of municipal WWTPs(domestic wastewater+industrial effluent).Furthermore,Candidatus_Saccharibacteria,Acidobacteria,Gammaproteobacteria,Saccharibacteria,Gp6,Steroidobacter,and Gp4 were the enriched microorganisms in domestic WWTPs,while Verrucomicrobia,Deltaproteobacteria,Cytophagia,Bacteroidia,Thauera,Lewinella,Chryseolinea,and Prosthecobacter enriched in municipal WWTPs(p<0.05).Among these bacteria,Saccharibacteria,Gp6 and Steroidobacter were biomarkers in domestic WWTPs,whereas Verrucomicrobia and Cytophagia were biomarkers in municipal WWTPs.According to the Network analysis,these microorganisms had a high degree and were closely related to more microorganisms.In addition,RDA result indicated that TP,NH_(4)^(+)-N and TN were the main environmental factors.Chryseolinea and Prosthecobacter were closely related with the TP removal efficiency,NH_(4)^(+)-N and TN concentration;while Pseudomonas,Acinetobacter and Steroidobacter were bound up with NO_(3)^(-)-N concentration,removal efficiency of NH_(4)^(+)-N and TP.Furthermore,the functional prediction results showed that municipal WWTPs had an enrichment in denitrification,sulfur oxidation and chlorate reduction,while domestic WWTPs had an enrichment in methyl_substances metabolism and fermentation(p<0.05).

关 键 词：污水来源 市政污水处理厂(WWTP) 富集菌群 生物标识 环境因素 功能预测 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X172