大沽河感潮河段溶解有机质来源组成的潮汐变化及调控因素分析  

Tidal changes and influencing factors of dissolved organic matter source and composition in the tidal reach of Dagu River

作　　者：蒋森 刘勇 朱宇轩 Taha F.Marhabar 刘长青[1] 杨传玺 肖宜华 周玉萍 JIANG Sen;LIU Yong;ZHU Yuxuan;TAHA F.Marhabar;LIU Changqing;YANG Chuanxi;XIAO Yihua;ZHOU Yuping(School of Environmental&Municipal Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266000;School of Engineering,New Jersey Institute of Technology,Newark NJ07102)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,青岛266520 [2]新泽西理工学院工程学院,纽瓦克NJ07102

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2025年第1期248-261,共14页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金项目(No.ZR2023MD94);国家重点研发计划课题(No.2021YFC3201004);山东省泰山学者青年专家项目(No.tsqn201909126)。

摘　　要：感潮河段是受到人类活动和潮汐水动力影响的典型河口区域,深刻理解其溶解有机质(DOM)来源组成的动态变化对于研究河口有机质的迁移转化和碳循环至关重要.本研究于2022年干季(5月)和湿季(10月)在大沽河下游感潮河段采集了不同潮周期的水体样品,进行了盐度、叶绿素、溶解有机碳及DOM的紫外-可见吸收光谱和三维荧光光谱分析.结果显示,湿季陆地径流大,初级生产力高,但DOM以陆地径流输入的芳香性化合物和类腐殖质为主,并且落潮期养殖废水的排放增加了近海站位类腐殖质的含量;干季陆地径流小初级生产力低,在人类污水排放的影响下大沽河感潮河段DOM不仅富含陆源类腐殖质也富集了大量的类蛋白,并且在落潮期含量高.主成分和相关性分析表明,陆地径流量和初级生产力是干湿两季DOM含量及组成差异的重要调控因素;并且在干季潮汐水动力通过调控淡水团和海水团的混合影响陆地径流惰性物质(芳香性化合物和类腐殖质)和活性类蛋白的输入和输出,增加陆源有机质在感潮河段的生物地球化学转化周期,从而改变向海输送的有机碳通量.这些结果认识为研究河口有机质的来源和迁移转化提供了数据支撑和参考依据.Tidal river reaches,where estuaries are affected by both human activities and tidal oscillations,play a crutial role in understanding of dissolved organic matter sources and composition,which is key to studying estuarine organic matter and carbon cycling.In this study,we collected water samples over the tidal cycle in tidal reaches of Dagu River(TDGR)during the dry(May)and wet season(October)of 2022.Measurements included salinity,chlorophyl,dissolved organic carbon,UV-Vis absorbance and 3D fluorescence spectra of DOM.The results showed that in the wet season,TDGR experienced large runoff and high primary productivity,with DOM mainly consisting of aromatic compounds and humic substances from runoff.Additionally,aquaculture wastewater discharged during ebb tide contributed high amount of humic-like substances to nearshore stations.In the dry season,with reduced runoff and low primary productivity,DOM was composed of terrestrial humic-like substances and protein-like substances from domestic sewage,which has higher content during ebb tide.Principal component and correlation analysis showed land runoff and primary productivity are important factors driving seasonal differences in dissolved organic matter(DOM)content and composition.In the dry season,tidal oscillations modulated the transport of terrestrial inert substances(aromatic compounds and humic like substances)and active protein-like substances through controlling the mixing ratio of freshwater and seawater masses,which increased the turnround time of DOM biogeochemical cycle changing the seaward export flux of organic carbon.The results of this study provide valuable data and insights for understanding the transport and transformation of estuarine organic matter.

关 键 词：溶解性有机质 大沽河感潮河段 潮汐动力 紫外-可见吸收光谱 三维荧光光谱 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]