澳炉协同处置废弃电路板时二噁英全过程排放特性  

Emission characteristics of dioxins in the whole process during the collaborative disposal of waste circuit boards by Ausmelt furnace

作　　者：孙嘉 万军 李伟 陈彤[3] 王进卿 徐旭 詹明秀 SUN Jia;WAN Jun;LI Wei;CHEN Tong;WANG Jinqing;XU Xu;ZHAN Mingxiu(College of Metrology and Measurement Engineering,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018;Daye Nonferrous Metals Co.,Ltd.,Huangshi 435005;State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization,Institute for Thermal Power Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027;State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085)

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学计量测试工程学院,杭州310018 [2]大冶有色金属有限责任公司,黄石435005 [3]浙江大学热能工程研究所,能源清洁利用国家重点试验室,杭州310027 [4]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2025年第1期302-312,共11页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：浙江省“领雁”研发攻关计划项目(No.2023C03157)。

摘　　要：电路板协同热处置能有效回收金属资源,但其二噁英排放问题需引起关注.为探究澳斯麦特炉协同处置电路板过程中二噁英的排放特性,对燃料、灰渣、烟气和电除雾废水中二噁英的浓度分布和指纹特征进行研究,分析热处置过程二噁英全过程质量平衡,并对炉渣、飞灰等进行SEM、XRD、XPS表征.结果表明:电除雾前端、制酸烟囱、环集烟囱等排气口的二噁英平均浓度均低于排放限值0.1 ng·Nm^(-3)(以TEQ计,下同),废弃电路板替代少量的传统燃料不会增加二噁英排放;协同处置过程中二噁英的净排放量为-8.804 mg·d^(-1)(-4.61 mg·d^(-1)毒性当量),炉渣和烟尘所含二噁英占比最多,澳炉协同处置废弃电路板过程是二噁英减少的过程;炉渣、飞灰等的表征结果显示,协同处置过程中更多的铜、碳参与了铜的氧氯化循环,炉渣中矿物通过吸附作用捕获高氯代二噁英,细颗粒飞灰吸附的二噁英则同时发生脱附和降解.本研究结果可为澳炉协同处置废弃电路板过程二噁英排放控制提供理论基础.Collaborative thermal treatment of waste circuit boards(WCBs)can effectively recovery metal resources,however,the emission of dioxins during the disposal process needs to be of concern.To investigate the emission characteristics of dioxins during the collaborative disposal of WCBs in Ausmelt furnace,the concentration distribution and fingerprint characteristics of dioxins in the fuel,slag,flue gas,and electrostatic defogging wastewater were studied.Furthermore,the mass balance analysis of dioxins in the whole process was also carried out,and SEM,XRD,XPS characterization was performed on slag,fly ash,etc.The research results indicated that the concentrations of dioxin at the front end of electric defogging unit,the outlet of acid making chimney,and environmental gas collection chimney were all lower than the emission limit of 0.1 ng·Nm^(-3).Replacing a small amount of traditional fuel with WCBs will not increase dioxin emissions.The mass balance analysis showed that the net emission of dioxins during collaborative disposal process was-8.804 mg·d^(-1)(-4.61 mg·d^(-1)),and the proportion of dioxins contained in slag and flue gas was the highest,indicating that The collaborative disposal process of WCBs by Ausmelt Furnace is a process of reducing dioxins.The characterization results of slag,fly ash,etc.show that that more copper and carbon participated in the copper oxychlorination cycle during the collaborative disposal.The minerals in slag could capture high chlorinated dioxins through adsorption,while the dioxins adsorbed by fine fly ash undergo simultaneous desorption and degradation.The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis for the control of dioxin emissions during the collaborative disposal of WCBs by Ausmelt furnace.

关 键 词：澳斯麦特炉 废弃电路板 协同处置 二噁英 质量平衡 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]