新冠疫情影响下中国典型旅游城市大气污染物排放量变化分析  

Analysis of variation in emissions of air pollutants from typical tourist cities in China under the influence of COVID-19

作　　者：姚沁作 史建武[1] 毕晓辉[2] 周增春 钟曜谦 赵晨阳 吴夏姣 庞晓晨 韩新宇[4] 宁平[1] YAO Qinzuo;SHI Jianwu;BI Xiaohui;ZHOU Zengchun;ZHONG Yaoqian;ZHAO Chenyang;WU Xiajiao;PANG Xiaochen;HAN Xinyu;NING Ping(Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350;Xishuangbanna Institute of Ecological and Environmental Sciences,Xishuangbanna 666100;Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,昆明650500 [2]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300350 [3]西双版纳州生态环境科学研究所,西双版纳666100 [4]昆明理工大学建筑工程学院,昆明650500

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2025年第1期364-376,共13页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.21966016);国家重点研发计划(No.2019YFC0214405)。

摘　　要：为研究新冠疫情前(2019年)、疫情初期(2020年)、疫情中期(2021年)和疫情末期(2022年)的大气污染物排放量变化成因,开展了2019—2022年中国典型旅游城市西双版纳州的高精度动态排放清单构建以及新冠疫情期间人为活动和大气污染物排放量的变化特征研究.结果表明,2019—2022年西双版纳州SO_(2)、NO_(x)、CO、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、VOC_(s)和NH_(3)年均排放量分别达2380.98、11680.42、31132.13、5051.32、9259.40、9790.21和2982.94 t,从西双版纳州各项大气污染物的空间分布来看,主要与人口分布和交通路网的相关性较高,在人口密度较高和交通繁忙的地区呈现高值污染物排放带,向外逐渐扩散,在旅游季最为凸显.新冠疫情主要对该旅游城市的交通运输、旅游出行、建筑工程和餐饮造成巨大冲击,人为活动水平显著下降,进而减少了对应排放源大气污染物的排放.总的来看,疫情初期(2020年),SO_(2)、NO_(x)、CO、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、VOC_(s)大气污染物排放量较上年分别下降2.41%、15.21%、5.79%、9.08%、13.93%和4.95%.2020年移动源NO_(x)和CO排放量较上年分别下降17.90%和20.54%,扬尘源PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)排放量平均下降18.37%,餐饮源CO排放量较上年下降15.33%.To study the causes of variation in air pollutant emissions before the COVID-19(2019),the beginning of the COVID-19(2020),the during of the COVID-19(2021)and the end of the COVID-19(2022),the high-precision and dynamic emission inventory was constructed for Xishuangbanna,a typical tourist city in China,from 2019 to 2022.Then,study on the change characteristics of air pollutant emission and related human activities during the COVID-19.Research shows that from 2019 to 2022,the average annual emissions of SO_(2),NO_(x),CO,PM_(2.5),PM_(10),VOC_(s)and NH_(3)in Xishuangbanna are 2380.98,11680.42,31132.13,5051.32,9259.40,9790.21 and 2982.94 tons,respectively.From the spatial distribution of various air pollutant emissions in Xishuangbanna,the correlation between emissions and population distribution and transportation network is relatively high.In areas with high population density and heavy traffic,there is a belt shaped high-value pollutant emission that gradually spreads outward,which is most prominent during the tourism season.The COVID-19 epidemic mainly has a huge impact on the city's transportation,tourism,construction projects and catering.Therefore,the level of human activities has significantly decreased,thereby reducing related emission activities.Overall,in the beginning of the COVID-19(2020),the emissions of atmospheric pollutants such as SO_(2),NO_(x),CO,PM_(2.5),PM_(10),and VOC_(s)decreased by 2.41%,15.21%,5.79%,9.08%,13.93%,and 4.95%respectively compared to the previous year.Among that mobile source of NO_(x)and CO emissions decreased by 17.90%and 20.54%compared with the previous year,dust source of PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)emissions decreased by 18.37%on average,and gastronomy of CO emission decreased by 15.33%compared with the previous year.

关 键 词：新冠疫情 排放清单 大气污染物 活动水平 旅游城市 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]