东莞市臭氧污染及扩散输送特征的客观天气分型研究  

Objective synoptic pattern classification study on ozone pollution and diffusion transport characteristics in Dongguan City

作　　者：孙启斌 冼星河 黄朝盈 饶小强 梁宝玲 蔡明甫 麦博儒[2] 陈晓阳 罗栩羽 邓雪娇[2] SUN Qibin;XIAN Xinghe;HUANG Chaoying;RAO Xiaoqiang;LIANG Baoling;CAI Mingfu;MAI Boru;CHEN Xiaoyang;LUO Xuyu;DENG Xuejiao(Dongguan Meteorological Bureau,Dongguan 523086;Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Guangzhou 510640;Dongguan Engineering Technology Research Center of Urban Eco-Environmental Meteorology,GBA Academy of Meteorological Research,Dongguan 523086;Guangzhou Sub-branch of Guangdong Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center,Guangzhou 510006;South China Institute of Environmental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510655)

机构地区：[1]东莞市气象局,东莞523086 [2]中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所,广州510640 [3]东莞市城市生态环境气象工程技术研究中心/粤港澳大湾区气象研究院,东莞523086 [4]广东省广州生态环境监测中心站,广州510006 [5]生态环境部华南环境科学研究所,广州510655

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2025年第1期436-446,共11页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.42305123);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(No.2023A1515012240);广东省气象局科技项目(No.GRMC2023M34);东莞市气象局科技项目(No.202303);成都信息工程大学光电工程学院开放课题(No.2023GDRY006)。

摘　　要：基于2019—2023年地面观测数据、再分析资料,使用自组织神经网络算法(SOM)对东莞市臭氧污染日进行天气分型,在季节角度探究不同污染天气型下的臭氧变化特征及气象成因,结果表明:5年间臭氧污染以秋季为主,2019、2022年最严重;SOM结果表明:受季节特征影响,西太副高/台风外围(夏季,31.8%)、低压槽(春、夏、秋,11.49%)、变性冷高压脊型(春季,8.43%)污染较重.相比之下,大陆副高/台风外围(夏秋转换,8.43%)、冷锋前部(秋季,7.28%)和弱冷高压脊型(秋、冬、春,32.57%)污染较轻;副高/台风外围气流对臭氧污染贡献显著,2019、2022年影响的污染日占全年的46%、41%;东侧垂直下沉气流在所有天气型中均有体现,暖季较弱,冷季偏强;影响东莞臭氧污染的气团主要来自粤东,受东路气流影响,下风向的西侧叠加排放及扩散条件不佳,可能是东莞臭氧西高东低分布的重要原因.Based on ground observation data and reanalysis data from 2019 to 2023,this study uses the Self-Organizing Map(SOM)neural network algorithm to perform synoptic pattern classification for ozone-polluted days in Dongguan,investigate the characteristics of ozone variations and their meteorological causes under different polluted weather patterns from a seasonal perspective.Results indicate that ozone pollution was primarily concentrated in the autumn over the five years,with 2019 and 2022 being the most severe.The SOM results demonstrate that influenced by seasonal characteristics,ozone pollution was more significant in three synoptic patterns:the Western Pacific subtropical high/typhoon periphery type in the summer(31.8%),the low-pressure trough type in spring,summer,and autumn(11.49%),and the transformed cold high ridge type in spring(8.43%).Conversely,pollution was lighter in three other synoptic patterns:the continental subtropical high/typhoon periphery during the summer-toautumn transition(8.43%),the front of cold front type in autumn(7.28%),and the weak cold high ridge type across autumn,winter,and spring(32.57%).The airflow from the subtropical high/typhoon periphery substantially contributed to ozone pollution,with pollution days impacted in 2019and 2022 accounting for 46%and 41%of the annual total,respectively.Vertical descending airflows from the east were present in all synoptic patterns,showing weaker tendencies in the warmer seasons and stronger in the colder seasons.The air masses affecting Dongguan's ozone pollution mainly originated from eastern Guangdong.Influenced by easterly airflows,compounded by emissions and diminished diffusion conditions on the western downwind side,likely significantly contributed to the characteristic west-high and east-low ozone distribution in Dongguan.

关 键 词：东莞市 臭氧 客观天气分型 污染特征 扩散条件 潜在源区 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]