面向线路异常激扰的地铁受电弓前馈与反馈主动控制研究  

Feedforward and feedback active control of metro pantographs under abnormal excitations due to track conditions

作　　者：杨岗[1] 孔国伟 沈鑫 YANG Gang;KONG Guowei;SHEN Xin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《机车电传动》2024年第6期163-175,共13页Electric Drive for Locomotives

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2034210);四川省重点研发项目(2023YFG0063)。

摘　　要：地铁接触网多采用弹性较差的架空刚性接触网,容易导致弓网接触关系不良。近年来,地铁弓网异常磨耗情况频发,但其发生原理不明,尚未有可行的抑制方法。地铁列车在行经道床沉降、道路岔口、钢轨接头不平顺、小竖曲线等线路异常路段时,车体会产生较大幅度的垂向振动,对受电弓造成较大激扰,致使弓网接触力急剧变化,导致弓网受流质量下降和受电弓碳滑板异常磨耗。文章构建了“地铁刚性接触网‒受电弓”动力学模型,应用数值计算方法,分析了线路异常激扰对弓网受流质量的影响;设计了受电弓前馈与反馈控制策略,对比分析了前馈控制、模糊反馈控制、前馈与反馈综合控制对弓网受流质量的提升效果。结果表明,线路异常激扰对弓网接触力波动程度有显著影响;前馈控制策略能对异常线路激扰进行精确有效补偿;前馈与反馈综合控制能有效降低弓网接触力波动程度,从而有效提升弓网受流质量,抑制弓网机械磨耗和电气磨耗。Metros are predominantly equipped with low-elasticity overhead rigid catenaries,which can easily lead to poor pantograph-catenary relationship.In recent years,abnormal wear has occurred frequently between the pantographs and catenaries in metro systems,but feasible suppression methods are still lacking due to an unclear mechanisms behind this wear.Metro trains often undergo vertical vibrations with relatively large amplitudes,particularly in areas affected by abnormal track conditions,such as track bed settlement,intersections with roads,irregularities at rail joints,and small vertical curves.These intense vibrations impose significant excitations on the pantographs,resulting in sharp changes in contact force of the pantograph-catenary,which leads to declines in the current-receiving quality of the pantograph-catenary systems and contributes to abnormal wear of the carbon contact strips.In the present study,a dynamics model was constructed to simulate rigid catenary-pantograph systems on metros.The influence of abnormal track excitations on the current-receiving quality of pantographs was analyzed through numerical calculations method.Additionally,feedforward/feedback control strategies were designed for pantographs.A comparative analysis was then conducted to evaluate the effects of several specific control techniques on the current-receiving quality of pantographs,including feedforward control,fuzzy feedback control,and feedforward/feedback integrated control.The results show that:(1)Abnormal track excitations significantly affected the degree of fluctuations in pantograph-catenary contact forces;(2)The feedforward control strategy accurately and effectively compensated for abnormal track excitations;and(3)The feedforward/feedback integrated control effectively reduced the degree of fluctuations in pantograph-catenary contact forces,thereby effectively improving the quality of current-receiving through pantograph-catenary contact while inhibiting mechanical and electrical wear in the pantograph-catenary systems

关 键 词：刚性接触网 线路异常激扰 前馈控制 反馈控制 弓网接触力 受流质量 异常磨耗 

分 类 号：U231[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U264.34[机械工程—车辆工程]