夯土的重生之路:从马丁·劳奇的题解思夯土建筑的未来  

The Road to Rebirth of Rammed Earth:Exploration on the Future of Rammed Earth Architecture from the Insights of Martin Rauch

作　　者：陈凯丽 汪凝 张雯[2] 王玥 Chen Kaili;Wang Ning;Zhang Wen;Wang Yue

机构地区：[1]浙大城市学院国土空间规划学院 [2]中国美术学院建筑艺术学院

出　　处：《城市建筑》2025年第3期146-153,共8页Urbanism and Architecture

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(22YJCZH161);国家级创新创业训练计划项目(202413021028)。

摘　　要：在全球建筑领域日益重视节能减排和可持续发展的背景下,夯土建筑这一传统绿色建筑形式重新获得广泛关注。文章聚焦夯土建筑先锋建筑师马丁·劳奇的革新理念与设计实践,梳理了劳奇对生土材料和夯土建筑的见解,理解并阐释其提出应对夯土建筑发展瓶颈的两大先决条件:消除对夯土建筑的偏见;制定夯土建筑推广路线。在消除偏见方面,文章从材料性能、结构构造和施工建造三个维度,剖析了马丁·劳奇的核心技艺保障,使夯土建筑满足现代标准。在推广路线方面,文章从实施模式、技艺传播和社会支持三个维度,解读了兼顾材料特性与地域差异的理想措施,确保夯土建筑在不同环境和文化背景下的适应性。基于上述分析,文章进一步讨论了劳奇题解的贡献意义和可能存在的局限,特别关注其在中国国情下的借鉴价值,以期为该领域的发展提供前瞻性的思考。Against the backdrop of increasing emphasis on energy conservation,emission reduction,and sustainable development in the global architectural field,rammed earth architecture,a traditional green building form,has regained widespread attention.This paper focuses on the innovative concepts and design practices of the pioneering architect Martin Rauch,systematically reviewing his insights into earthen materials and the rammed earth architecture,and then understands and interprets the two key prerequisites Martin Rauch proposed to address the challenges in the development of rammed earth architecture:eliminating the biases for the rammed earth architecture and formulating the strategies for its widespread adoption.In the elimination of biases,this paper analyzes Martin Rauch’s core technical guarantees from the perspectives of material performance,structural construction,and construction techniques,ensuring that the rammed earth architecture meets modern standards.Regarding to the adoption route,this paper interprets the ideal measures that consider both material properties and regional differences from three dimensions of implementation models,skill dissemination,and social support,ensuring the adaptability of rammed earth architecture in diverse environments and cultural contexts.Based on the above analysis,the paper further discusses the contributions and potential limitations of Rauch’s problem-solving approach,with particular attention to its applicability and reference value within the context of China.It aims to provide forward-looking insights for the development of this field.

关 键 词：夯土建筑 马丁·劳奇 技艺保障 推广路线 

分 类 号：TU-86[艺术—艺术设计]