股东压制作为公司司法解散事由的反思与辨正  

Reflection and Syndrome Differentiation Regarding the Handling of Oppression of Shareholders as the Cause for the Judicial Dissolution of Companies

作　　者：袁康[1] 李博林 YUAN Kang;LI Bolin(Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报(社会科学版)》2024年第6期24-34,共11页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：股东压制严重损害有限责任公司中少数股东的权利,有学者建议学习英美等国做法,以司法解散制度作为股东压制的救济措施。但司法解散制度会带来公司独立人格的消灭,应作为兜底措施而慎用。我国司法解散制度自制定以来,在立法以及司法实践层面上均未明确将股东压制纳入适用范围。在具体适用上,股东压制不仅无法满足我国司法解散制度中“经营管理发生严重困难”“继续存续会使股东利益受到重大损失”“通过其他途径不能解决”三大要件,其自身的模糊性更会带来滥诉风险,因而与司法解散制度并不适配。在司法解散制度之外,《公司法》中现有事前股东协议、股东诉讼、股权回购等替代性救济措施足以为受到压制的少数股东提供有效救济,无需诉诸司法解散制度。The oppression of shareholders severely infringes upon the rights of minority shareholders in limited liability companies.Some scholars suggest learning from countries like the UK and the US to use judicial dissolution as a remedial measure for the oppression of shareholders.However,judicial dissolution would lead to the extinguishment of the company's independent legal personality,which is the reason that all countries regard it as a last resort and use it cautiously.Since the establishment of the judicial dissolution in China,it has not explicitly incorporated the oppression of shareholders in the scope of application in legislative and judicial practices.In specific application,the oppression of shareholderscannot fails to meet the three important documents of judicial dissolution—"company meets any serious difficulty in its operations or management","the interests of the shareholders will face heavy loss if the company continues to exist"and"the difficulty cannot be solved by any other means".Moreover,its inherent ambiguity brings the abuse of litigation,making it incompatible with the judicial dissolution.Apart from the judicial dissolution,existing alternative remedy measures in the Company Law,such as ex-ante shareholders'agreements,shareholder litigation and share repurchase,which are sufficient to provide effective relief for minority shareholders and eliminate the need of minority shareholders to resort to the judicial dissolution.

关 键 词：有限责任公司 股东压制 司法解散 股权回购 

分 类 号：D922.291.91[政治法律—经济法学]