急性上呼吸道感染患者病原体种类与临床特征分析  

Analysis of pathogen species and clinical characteristics in patients with acute upper respiratory tract infection

作　　者：李家亮 曹为金 唐文亮 杨阳 LI Jialiang;CAO Weijin;TANG Wenliang;YANG Yang(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Jinling Hospital,Affiliated Hospital of Medical School,Nanjing University/General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210002,China;Department of Clinical Laboratory,Nanjing Prison Hospital,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210002,China;Department of Basic Medical Laboratory,Jinling Hospital,Affiliated Hospital of Medical School,Nanjing University/General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210002,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学医学院附属金陵医院/东部战区总医院检验科,江苏南京210002 [2]江苏省南京监狱医院检验科,江苏南京210002 [3]南京大学医学院附属金陵医院/东部战区总医院基础医学实验室,江苏南京210002

出　　处：《国际检验医学杂志》2025年第3期257-260,共4页International Journal of Laboratory Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(82102500);江苏省卫生健康委科研项目(M2020029);中国博士后科学基金项目(2022T150779);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2020M670092ZX)。

摘　　要：目的分析急性上呼吸道感染患者病原体种类与临床特征。方法选取2023年12月1日至2024年5月15日在南京大学医学院附属金陵医院收治的急性上呼吸道感染患者275例作为研究对象。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应技术检测咽拭子标本的病原体种类,以及收集病历系统中患者临床资料和外周血检验指标。结果甲型流感病毒阳性检出率9.45%,乙型流感病毒阳性检出率17.82%,呼吸道合胞病毒阳性检出率9.45%,腺病毒阳性检出率9.21%,新型冠状病毒阳性检出率18.37%,肺炎支原体阳性检出率10.04%,肺炎衣原体阳性检出率1.67%。与其他年龄段患者比较,<18岁患者甲型流感病毒、乙型流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、腺病毒、肺炎支原体、肺炎衣原体阳性检出率较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。乙型流感病毒感染患者单核细胞比例高于其他病原体感染患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论急性上呼吸道感染患者病原体种类的确定,有助于为患者制订适当的治疗方案,为患者的临床诊疗提供依据。Objective To analyze the pathogen species and clinical characteristics in patients with acute upper respiratory tract infection.Methods A total of 275 patients with acute upper respiratory tract infection admitted to Jinling Hospital,Affiliated Hospital of Medical School,Nanjing University from December 1,2023 to May 15,2024 were selected as research objects.Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect pathogen species in throat swab samples,and clinical data and peripheral blood test indexes were collected in the medical record system.Results The positive detection rate of influenza A virus was 9.45%,influenza B virus 17.82%,respiratory syncytial virus 9.45%,adenovirus 9.21%,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 218.37%,mycoplasma pneumoniae 10.04%,and chlamydia pneumoniae 1.67%.Compared with other age groups,the positive detection rates of influenza A virus,influenza B virus,respiratory syncytial virus,adenovirus,mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae in patients<18 years old were higher,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of monocytes in patients infected with influenza B virus was higher than that in patients infected with other pathogens,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Identification the pathogen types of acute upper respiratory tract infection patients is helpful for developing appropriate treatment plans and providing a basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment for the patients.

关 键 词：急性上呼吸道感染 病原体 咽拭子 核酸检测 

分 类 号：R446.9[医药卫生—诊断学]