2023年我国60~69岁老年人中医药健康文化素养水平及影响因素分析  

Analysis of traditional Chinese medicine health literacy levels and influencing factors among China s elderly population aged 60-69 in 2023

作　　者：张可欣 刘亚敏 郭凌云 李瑞锋[1] ZHANG Kexin;LIU Yamin;GUO Lingyun;LI Ruifeng(School of Management,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学管理学院,北京102488

出　　处：《卫生软科学》2025年第2期79-84,94,共7页Soft Science of Health

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目-“互联网+”环境下基层医疗卫生服务能力提升路径和方法研究(19AZD016);国家中医药管理局监测统计中心重点项目-中医药文化素养指标研究并开展预调查研究(BUCM-2024-KJ-GL-027)。

摘　　要：[目的]基于2023年中国公民中医药健康文化素养调查项目数据,分析我国60~69岁老年人中医药健康文化素养水平及其影响因素,为提升老年人健康文化素养水平提供参考。[方法]采用分层多阶段、随机抽样相结合的PPS抽样方法和问卷调查法收集相关数据。用描述性统计、χ^(2)检验和多因素Logistic回归模型对问卷数据进行分析。[结果]2023年我国60~69岁老年人中医药健康文化素养水平为14.95%,其中五维度素养水平从高至低分别为:中医药信息理解能力(46.53%)、基本理念(34.44%)、健康生活方式(32.31%)、文化常识(28.61%)、公众适宜方法(5.78%)。多因素分析结果表明,文化程度越高,素养水平越高,其中大专/本科及以上的老年人素养水平最高,OR值为8.355(95%CI:5.379,12.978);职业为医务人员的老年人素养水平较高,OR值为2.610(95%CI:1.626,4.189);家庭年收入≥50,000元的老年人素养水平较高,OR值为1.896(95%CI:1.455,2.471);未患慢性病的老年人素养水平较高,OR值为1.135(95%CI:1.013,1.271)。[结论]老年人中医药健康文化素养水平仍有提升空间,五维度素养水平存在差异,文化程度、职业、家庭年收入和患慢性病情况是素养水平的主要影响因素。Objective Based on the data of survey on Chinese citizens traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)health literacy in 2023,this paper analyzes TCM health literacy levels and its influencing factors among China s elderly population aged 60-69,so as to provide the reference for better improving the literacy levels of the elderly.Methods Probability proportionate to size(PPS)sampling combining stratified multistage sampling with random sampling and questionnaire method were used to collect relevant data.Descriptive statistics,chi-square test and multiple logistic regression model were used for analysis.Results In 2023,TCM health literacy levels of the elderly aged 60-69 in China were 14.95%,and the five dimensions of literacy levels in descending order were:TCM information literacy(46.53%),basic concepts(34.44%),healthy lifestyle(32.31%),cultural literacy(28.61%),and appropriate methods(5.78%),respectively.The results of multivariate analysis showed that with the higher education levels,the literacy levels were higher.Elderly people with college or bachelor s degree or above had the highest literacy level,with an OR value of 8.355(95%CI:5.379,12.978).The literacy levels of the elderly who were medical workers were higher,with an OR value of 2.610(95%CI:1.626,4.189).The elderly with annual household income≥50000 yuan had higher literacy levels,with an OR value of 1.896(95%CI:1.455,2.471).The elderly without chronic diseases had higher literacy levels,with an OR value of 1.135(95%CI:1.013,1.271).Conclusions There is still room for improvement in TCM health literacy of the elderly.There are differences in the literacy of five dimensions.Education levels,occupation,annual household income and chronic diseases are the main influencing factors of literacy levels.

关 键 词：中医药健康文化素养 健康教育 影响因素 老年人 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]