信息搜索策略对DCS排险绩效的影响——认知负荷的中介效应研究  

Influence of information search strategies on DCS risk elimination performance:research on mediating effect of cognitive load

作　　者：赵江平[1] 李东昊 孙一龙 ZHAO Jiangping;LI Donghao;SUN Yilong(School of Resources Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an Shaanxi 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学资源工程学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2025年第1期202-210,共9页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

摘　　要：为探究在集散式控制系统(distributed control system,DCS)危险排除过程中控制员不同信息搜索策略对排险任务绩效的影响及认知负荷的中介效应,基于虚拟现实技术、皮肤电采样和眼动追踪技术构建模拟DCS工控平台,招募20名相关专业被试参与模拟排险实验并对其认知负荷及排险绩效进行量化,使用眼动轨迹匹配法判断被试的信息搜索模式,研究认知负荷的中介效应及中介机理。研究结果表明:不同信息搜索策略会显著影响任务绩效;认知负荷对该影响的中介效应高达89.66%,表明信息搜索策略主要通过影响认知负荷来间接作用于排险任务绩效,认知负荷越高,任务绩效越低;逻辑系统搜索策略能通过高效图式匹配减少认知资源消耗,显著抑制认知负荷增长,任务绩效表现最佳;空间系统搜索较难抑制认知负荷,任务绩效较差;随机搜索被试认知负荷显著高于其他组,绩效表现最差;此外,不同认知负荷水平下被试的信息搜索策略没有明显转变倾向。研究结果可为DCS控制人员的考核和培训提供理论支撑。In order to explore the influence of different information search strategies of controllers on the performance of risk elimination tasks and the mediating effect of cognitive load during the process of risk elimination in the distributed control system(DCS),a simulated DCS industrial control platform based on the virtual reality technology,electrodermal sampling and eye tracking technology was constructed.Twenty subjects with related majors were recruited to participate in the simulated risk elimination experiment,and their cognitive load and risk elimination performance were quantified.The mediating effect and mechanism of cognitive load were studied by using the eye movement trajectory matching method to judge the information search mode of the subjects.The results show that different information search strategies will significantly influence the task performance.The mediating effect of cognitive load on this influence is as high as 89.66%,which indicates that the information search strategy mainly affects the risk elimination task performance indirectly through affecting the cognitive load.The higher the cognitive load,the lower the task performance.The logic system search strategy can reduce the consumption of cognitive resources through the efficient schema matching,significantly inhibit the increase of cognitive load,and achieve the best task performance.The spatial system search is difficult to suppress the cognitive load,and the task performance is poor.The cognitive load of random search subjects is significantly higher than those of other groups,and the performance is the worst.In addition,there is no obvious tendency to change the information search strategy of subjects under different cognitive load levels.The research results can provide theoretical support for the assessment and training of DCS controllers.

关 键 词：认知负荷 中介效应 信息搜索策略 DCS控制 眼动轨迹匹配法 

分 类 号：X913.4[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TP39[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]