碳源投入对西南地区土壤有机碳与作物产量的影响  

Effect of Different Carbon Sources on Soil Organic Carbon and Crop Yield in Southwestern China

作　　者：上官龙生 王婷 梁晨 张晴雯[1] 展晓莹 陈红琳 陈尚洪 刘定辉 SHANGGUAN Longsheng;WANG Ting;LIANG Chen;ZHANG Qingwen;ZHAN Xiaoying;CHEN Honglin;CHEN Shanghong;LIU Dinghui(Institution of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081;Institution of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu,Sichuan 610066)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081 [2]四川农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,四川成都610066

出　　处：《核农学报》2025年第3期605-614,I0006-I0008,共13页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1901401)。

摘　　要：施用有机肥可以提升土壤有机碳含量和作物产量,然而不同碳源投入在提升土壤有机碳含量和作物产量方面的综合效应尚不明确。为探明西南地区的最佳增碳增产措施,本研究整合了西南地区三省一市(四川、重庆、贵州和云南)46篇公开发表的508条田间试验数据,对不同土壤类型、主粮作物、有机物料、土壤理化性质和气候因素下的增碳增产效果进行综合比较。结果表明,相较于常规单施化肥,配施有机肥后西南地区的土壤有机碳含量和作物产量均有所提升,平均提升幅度分别为11.3%和8.4%。对土壤有机碳含量和作物产量提升效果最佳的分别是生物炭、动物源有机肥,菌渣药渣则具有更好的增碳增产协同效果。此外,在土壤pH值小于7,土壤全氮含量低于2 g·kg^(-1)以及温度高于15℃的地区,化肥配施有机肥较单施化肥的增碳效果优于其他区域。本研究结果对提高我国耕地质量和保障粮食安全具有重要意义。The application of organic fertilizers can improve soil organic carbon(SOC)and crop yield.However,the comprehensive effects of different carbon sources on increasing SOC and crop yield remain unknown.To explore optimal measures to improve SOC and crop yield,this research developed a dataset based on data comprising 508 site-years from 46 papers in southwest China(Sichuan,Chongqing,Guizhou and Yunnan province).A comprehensive comparison was conducted on the effects of carbon increase and yield improvement under diverse soil types,main crops,organic materials,soil physical and chemical properties,and climatic management factors.Results showed that chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer significantly increased SOC and crop yield by 11.3%and 8.4%,compared with chemical fertilizer Biochar and animal-derived organic fertilizer were the best organic material to improve SOC and crop yield,respectively,while the mushroom and herb residue had a superior synergistic effect on SOC and yield improvement.Area in southwest China where the soil pH was less than 7,the total nitrogen content was lower than 2 g·kg^(-1),and the temperature was above 15℃,the combined application of chemical and organic fertilizers exhibited better effect of carbon increasing than that in other areas.This research implies a great significance for improving the quality of cultivated land and ensuring food security in southwestern China.

关 键 词：有机碳源 西南地区 土壤有机碳 作物产量 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]