轧制与激光选区熔化成形316L不锈钢组织与性能对比研究  

Microstructure of 316L stainless steel formed by rolling and selective laser melting

作　　者：陶俊杰 张宁[2] 葛进国 裴智奥 TAO Junjie;ZHANG Ning;GE Jinguo;PEI Zhiao(School of Mechanical Engineering,Yancheng Institute of Technology,Yancheng 224051,Jiangsu,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Xuzhou University of Technology,Xuzhou,221018 Jiangsu,China;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin 541010,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]盐城工学院机械工程学院,江苏盐城224051 [2]徐州工程学院机电工程学院,江苏徐州221018 [3]桂林电子科技大学机电工程学院,广西桂林541010

出　　处：《金属加工(热加工)》2025年第2期42-48,共7页MW Metal Forming

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2024M750584);江苏省产学研合作项目(BY20230206);徐州市科技计划项目(KC23313,KC23404);桂林市科技计划项目青年创新人才专项(20220125-2);广西制造系统与先进制造技术重点实验室主任课题(22354S016);徐州工程学院重大培育项目(2024)。

摘　　要：用激光选区熔化(Selective Laser Melting,SLM)技术成形316L不锈钢,与轧制316L不锈钢进行显微组织、显微硬度、拉伸性能、弯曲性能和耐腐蚀性能对比研究。研究发现:SLM成形不锈钢宏观上成形质量较高,仅存在一些气孔和未熔融孔洞等缺陷;由于SLM制造过程的高热梯度和凝固过程的高冷却速率,SLM成形316L不锈钢侧面的显微组织不同于轧制不锈钢,主要为柱状晶;因SLM成形316L不锈钢具有亚晶组织结构,所以其硬度、拉伸性能、弯曲性能优于轧制不锈钢,受孔隙率影响,顶面显微硬度均值略高于侧面;并且SLM成形316L不锈钢耐腐蚀性能略优于轧制成形。研究表明:SLM成形316L不锈钢具有较好的硬度、拉伸性能、弯曲性能和耐腐蚀性能。The microstructure,microhardness,tensile properties,bending properties and corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel formed by selective laser melting(SLM)and rolled 316L stainless steel were compared.It is found that the SLM formed stainless steel has a high forming quality on the macro level,and there are only some defects such as pores and unmelted holes.Due to the high thermal gradient of SLM manufacturing process and the high cooling rate of solidification process,the microstructure of 316 L stainless steel side formed by SLM is different from that of rolled stainless steel,which is mainly columnar crystal.Because SLM formed 316L stainless steel has a sub-grain structure,its hardness,tensile properties and bending properties are better than those of rolled stainless steel.Due to the influence of porosity,the average microhardness of the top surface is slightly higher than that of the side surface.Moreover,the corrosion resistance of SLM formed 316L stainless steel is slightly better than that of rolling forming.The results show that the SLM formed 316L stainless steel has good hardness,tensile properties,bending properties and corrosion resistance.

关 键 词：激光选区熔化 316L不锈钢 显微组织 耐腐蚀性能 

分 类 号：TG1[金属学及工艺—金属学]