水泥窑余热发电AQC锅炉漏水问题原因分析  

Analysis and Improvement of Water Leakage in AQC Boiler for Cement Kiln Waste Heat Power Generation

作　　者：王炯 魏连有 牛威 WANG Jiong;WEI Lianyou;NIU Wei(Sinoma Energy Conservation Ltd.,Tianjin 300499,China)

机构地区：[1]中材节能股份有限公司,天津300499

出　　处：《水泥技术》2025年第1期45-49,共5页Cement Technology

摘　　要：水泥窑余热发电AQC锅炉漏水事故易导致其故障停机,影响汽轮机和水泥生产线的安全稳定运行。分析了AQC锅炉过热器常见的磨损泄漏、腐蚀泄漏和冷热交变应力产生的热疲劳泄漏风险;以某水泥窑项目单压系统AQC锅炉为例,对发生漏水事故的高温过热器出口集箱及减温器喷水管取样进行多方式实验分析,结果表明过热器泄漏的主要原因是冷热交变应力引发热疲劳泄露,减温器喷管开裂的主要原因为腐蚀疲劳。基于实验结果更换了泄漏设备,提出了增强锅炉适应性、优化汽包汽水分离器、加强锅炉防磨及减少焊接部位应力集中等设计优化方案,通过采取严格控制焊接质量、加强设备制造过程质量控制和现场设备施工质量监督检查、提升锅炉运行管理水平等多项措施,可有效预防AQC锅炉过热器高泄漏风险,保障AQC锅炉的长期稳定运行。Water leakage accidents in cement kiln waste heat power generation AQC boilers can easily lead to their failure and shutdown,affecting the safe and stable operation of steam turbines and cement production lines.It analyzed the common risks of wear leakage,corrosion leakage,and thermal fatigue leakage caused by alternating cold and hot stresses in the superheaters of AQC boilers.Taking the single pressure system AQC boiler of a certain project as an example,multiple experimental analyses were conducted on the sampling of the outlet header of the high-temperature superheater and the spray pipe of the desuperheater that experienced water leakage.The results showed that the main cause of superheater leakage was thermal fatigue leakage caused by alternating cold and hot stresses,and the main cause of desuperheater nozzle cracking was corrosion fatigue.Based on the experimental results,the leaking equipment was replaced,and design optimization schemes were proposed to enhance the adaptability of the boiler,optimize the steam drum and water separator,strengthen boiler wear prevention,and reduce stress concentration in welding parts.By adopting multiple measures such as strict control of welding quality,strengthening of equipment manufacturing process quality control and on-site equipment construction quality supervision and inspection,and improving boiler operation management level,the high leakage risk of the AQC boiler superheater can be effectively prevented,ensuring the long-term stable operation of the AQC boiler.

关 键 词：AQC余热锅炉 过热器 减温器 冷热交变应力 腐蚀疲劳 

分 类 号：TQ172.625.9[化学工程—水泥工业]