Speciation and biogeochemical behavior of perfluoroalkyl acids in soils and their environmental implications:A review  

作　　者：Chao Guo Shiwen Hu Pengfei Cheng Kuan Cheng Yang Yang Guojun Chen Qi Wang Ying Wang Tongxu Liu 

机构地区：[1]National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agroenvironmental Pollution Control and Management,Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences,Guangdong Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China

出　　处：《Eco-Environment & Health》2024年第4期505-515,共11页生态环境与健康(英文)

基　　金：supported by the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research (No.2023B0303000006);National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.42125704,42261160644,42277479,and 42077307);the Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (No.2023A04J0931);the GDAS'Project of Science and Technology Developmen (Nos.2023GDASZH-2023010103,2022GDASZH-2022010201-04,2022GDASZH-2022010105 and 2019GDASYL-0102002-2);Guangdong Foundation for Program of Science and Technology Research (No.2023B1212060044)。

摘　　要：Perfluoroalkyl acids(PFAAs)are emerging organic pollutants that have attracted significant attention in the fields of environmental chemistry and toxicology.Although PFAAs are pervasive in soils and sediments,there is a paucity of research regarding their environmental forms and driving mechanisms.This review provides an overview of the classification and biotoxicity of per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS),organic pollutant forms,PFAS extraction and analytical methods,the prediction of PFAS distribution in soils,and current PFAS remediation strategies.Four predominant PFAA forms have been proposed in soils:(i)aqueous-extracted PFAAs,(ii)organic-solvent extracted PFAAs,(ii)embedded or sequestered PFAAs,and(iv)covalently bound PFAAs.Furthermore,it suggests suitable extraction methods and predictive models for different PFAA forms,which are instrumental in the research on PFAA speciation and prediction in soils.Simultaneously,it was proposed that elemental cycling and microbial activity may affect the speciation of PFAs.Additionally,the categorization of PFAA forms facilitated the analysis of pollution remediation.Understanding the interplay between PFAA speciation,element cycling,and bacterial activity during soil remediation is essential for understanding remediation mechanisms and assessing the long-term stability of remediation methods.Future studies should expand the investigation of varying PFAA forms in different media,consider the potential binding forms of PFAAs to minerals,organic matter,and microbes,and evaluate the possible mechanisms of PFAA speciation variation.

关 键 词：Perfluoroalkyl acids Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances Extraction and analysis methods Contamination remediation SPECIATION 

分 类 号：X70[环境科学与工程—环境工程]