创业挫败、创业学习与轻创业绩效——基于新生代农民工心理资本的中介作用  

Entrepreneurial Frustration,Entrepreneurial Learning,and the Performance of the Light Entrepreneurship:A Study Based on the Mediation Role of Psychological Capital of the New Generation Migrant Workers

作　　者：刘洪银 宋语 LIU Hongyin;SONG Yu

机构地区：[1]天津农学院人文学院 [2]天津农学院经济管理学院

出　　处：《理论与现代化》2025年第1期89-104,共16页Theory and Modernization

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“平台经济下新生代农民工轻创业生态系统建构及治理路径研究”,项目编号:21BJY021。

摘　　要：农民工依托平台开展轻资产创业将降低创业门槛,促进社会就业。为揭示创业挫败者心理资本对平台创业绩效的影响效应和作用路径,本文构建了创业挫败、心理资本、创业学习、创业绩效理论模型。利用3303份新生代农民工轻创业调查样本,运用层次回归法进行计量分析,并采用Bootstrap法进行效应检验。研究发现,新生代农民工创业韧性对创业绩效产生负向作用,创业信心对创业绩效产生正向影响;新生代农民工风险态度对创业韧性产生调节作用,而对创业信心没有调节作用,表明创业信心在一定程度上能够有效应对创业风险。创业韧性是一把双刃剑,只有从创业挫败中汲取经验教训,修正创业目标和创业策略,创业韧性驱使的创业学习才有效果,否则创业韧性将无助于创业绩效的提高。建议将新生代农民工与大学生纳入统一的政策支持框架,加强新生代农民工再创业资金支持,健全农产品仓储冷链物流设施,深入开展农民数字技术应用培训等。Rural migrant workers rely on platforms to carry out light asset entrepreneurship.This will lower the threshold for entrepreneurship and promote social employment.To reveal the impact of psychological capital on platform-based entrepreneurship performance in entrepreneurial setbacks,a theoretical model involving elements like entrepreneurial frustration,psychological capital,entrepreneurial learning,and entrepreneurial performance was constructed.Using 3303 survey samples of new generation migrant workers engaged in light entrepreneurship,hierarchical regression method was applied for quantitative analysis,and Bootstrap method was utilized for effect testing.The findings show that the resilience of the new generation migrant workers has a negative impact on entrepreneurial performance,while entrepreneurial confidence has a positive impact on it;the new generation migrant workers',attitude towards risk has a moderating effect on entrepreneurial resilience,but not with entrepreneurial confidence,indicating that confidence is to some extent effective in addressing entrepreneurial risks.Entrepreneurial resilience is a double-edged sword.Only by learning from entrepreneurial failures,revising entrepreneurial goals and strategies,can resilience-driven learning be effective.Otherwise,it will not contribute to entrepreneurial performance.It is recommended to include the new generation migrant workers and college students into a unified policy support framework,thus to strengthen financial support for the new generation migrant workers to start new businesses,improve agricultural produce warehousing and cold chain logistics facilities,and conduct in-depth training on digital technology application for farmers.

关 键 词：创业挫败 心理资本 创业学习 轻创业绩效 新生代农民工 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济]