欠发达国家产品分成油气项目弃置风险分析及对策  

Analysis on risks and countermeasures of abandonment and decommissioning of oil and gas product-sharing projects in less developed countries

作　　者：董翠[1] 代冬聆 马攀 DONG Cui;DAI Dongling;MA Pan(Sinopec Petroleum Exploration and Production Research Institute)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2024年第12期86-92,共7页International Petroleum Economics

摘　　要：中国三大石油公司海外油气项目多位于欠发达国家和地区,并适用产品分成合同。欠发达国家关于项目弃置的相关法律法规、合同条款常过于笼统,缺乏指导性。在产品分成合同模式下,石油公司应承担的弃置业务范围存在不确定性,在合同中后期面临巨大的资金压力以及弃置费支出不可回收的风险。为应对弃置业务相关的不确定性及风险,建议中国石油公司建立弃置业务管理体系,明晰资源国弃置标准及规范;强化弃置方案、计划编制管理,提高弃置方案的可实施性、费用估算的准确性;建立弃置担保、弃置基金优选机制;优化弃置基金缴存起始点及年度缴存额测算方式,降低不可回收风险,提高石油公司效益水平;强化合同文本分析研究,适时修订完善合同条款,保障石油公司的合法权益。Most of the overseas oil and gas projects of the three major Chinese oil companies are located in less developed countries and regions and covered by product sharing contracts(PSC).Laws,regulations,and contract terms for project abandonment and decommissioning in less developed countries are often too general to be instructive.Under the PSC model,there is uncertainty about the scope of abandonment and decommissioning business to be undertaken by oil companies,which would cause enormous financial pressure and the risk of non-recovery of abandonment and decommissioning fees in the middle and late stages of the contract.In order to cope with the uncertainties and risks,it is recommended that Chinese oil companies establish a business management system of abandonment and decommissioning to clarify the standards and norms for abandonment and decommissioning in resource countries,strengthen the management of preparation of abandonment and decommissioning programs and plans to improve the feasibility of the programs and the accuracy of the cost estimation.Establish a mechanism for preferential selection of abandonment and decommissioning guarantee and abandonment and decommissioning fund,optimize the starting point of the deposit of the fund and the calculation of the annual amount of deposit to reduce the risk of non-recovery and improve the profitability of the oil company;and optimize the calculation of the starting point of the annual deposit and the amount of non-recovery of abandonment and decommissioning fee,and strengthen the analysis and research of contract texts as well as revise and improve contract terms in due course to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of oil companies.

关 键 词：风险分析 油气田弃置 弃置费 弃置基金 产品分成合同 成本回收 

分 类 号：F406.73[经济管理—产业经济] F407.22F426.22