石窟寺壁画地仗制作材质工艺研究进展  

Research on the Materials and Techniques for Plastering Murals in the Cave Temples of China

作　　者：张雪靓 于宗仁[1,2] 姜涛[1] 殷耀鹏 杨善龙[2] 水碧纹[2] ZHANG Xueliang;YU Zongren;JIANG Tao;YIN Yaopeng;YANG Shanlong;SHUI Biwen(Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Key Scientific Research Base for Conservation of Ancient Wall Paintings of HCHA/Gansu Provincial Research Center for Conservation of Dunhuang Cultural Heritage,Dunhuang Academy,Dunhuang 736200,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学,甘肃兰州730000 [2]敦煌研究院古代壁画保护国家文物局重点科研基地/甘肃省敦煌文物保护研究中心,甘肃敦煌736200

出　　处：《石窟与土遗址保护研究》2024年第4期28-39,共12页Research On The Conservation Of Cave Temples And Earthen Sites

基　　金：甘肃省委组织部2022年度省级重点人才项目(2022RCXM060);甘肃省委组织部2024年度省级重点人才项目(2024RCXM28);甘肃省科技厅基础研究创新群体项目(24JRRF001);甘肃省文物保护科学和技术研究课题(GSWW202221);甘肃省2021年度中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(YDZX20216200001728)。

摘　　要：石窟寺壁画地仗性能对壁画整体保存起着决定性作用,围绕地仗层剖面结构、厚度信息、材料组成等特征,系统梳理了近年来地仗材质组成和工艺研究相关成果,建立了石窟崖体岩质粗细程度与粗泥层厚度之间的关联关系,厘清了地仗粗泥层和细泥层制作厚度、土砂配比、加筋材料使用规律和特点,分析了石窟寺壁画地仗研究现状,明确了地仗科学认知中存在的问题,为进一步开展精细化研究提出了建议。The plaster layers of the murals in cave temples play a crucial role in the overall conservation of the paintings.This research focuses on characteristics such as the sectional structuring,thickness and material composition of the mural plaster by consulting relevant research results.On the basis of this summary,this study has established an accurate correlation between the particle size of cliff rocks and the thickness of the coarse plaster layers in the murals inside cave temples,and clarified the values for the thickness of the coarse and fine mud layers and the proper ratio of soil and sand.In addition,a discussion of the principles relevant to the use of reinforcement materials to make ground layers for cave paintings is provided,and includes careful attention to the current condition of the ground layers in extant cave temple murals.The conclusion ends with several suggestions for further research in this field.

关 键 词：石窟寺壁画 地仗层 工艺特征 材质组成 

分 类 号：K879.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]