山东省黄河流域用水结构演变特征及空间分布规律  

Evolution Characteristics and Spatial Distribution Law of Water Use Structure in the Yellow River Basin of Shandong Province

作　　者：蒋亚 李华云 焦红波 JIANG Ya;LI Huayun;JIAO Hongbo(North China University of Water Resources and Hydropower,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Henan Metrology Standards and Product Quality Inspection and Testing Center,Zhengzhou 450000,China;Zhengzhou Institute of Engineering and Technology,Zhengzhou 450044,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学,河南郑州450046 [2]河南省计量标准和产品质量检验检测中心,河南郑州450000 [3]郑州工程技术学院,河南郑州450044

出　　处：《人民黄河》2025年第2期81-86,共6页Yellow River

基　　金：河南省水利科技攻关项目(GG202261);河南省软科学研究项目(232400411111)。

摘　　要：为了协调黄河流域水资源与经济社会发展之间的关系,基于2008—2022年山东省黄河流域用水现状数据,采用信息熵和均衡度、洛伦茨曲线和基尼系数等,分析山东省黄河流域用水结构演变特征及空间分布规律。结果表明:山东省黄河流域农业用水不再具备单一的绝对优势,水资源分配正向多目标转化;信息熵和均衡度呈同步上升趋势,表明各类用水量的分布向均匀性发展;2008—2022年山东省黄河流域农业用水的空间均衡度明显下降,工业用水的空间均衡度略微上升,生活用水的空间均衡状态未出现较大变化,生态用水的空间均衡度明显提升;2008—2022年山东省黄河流域农业用水的空间分布由明显均衡状态变为比较均衡状态,工业和生活用水的空间分布一直为比较均衡状态,生态用水的空间分布由均衡较差状态变为比较均衡状态;德州的农业用水量占比最高,淄博的工业用水量占比明显超过其他区域,济南的生活用水量占比最高且缓慢上升,2018年济南生态用水量占比最高,德州生态用水量占比最低。In order to coordinate the relationship between water resources and economic and social development in the Yellow River Basin,based on the current water consumption data of the Yellow River Basin in Shandong Province from 2008 to 2022,the evolution characteristics and spatial distribution law of water consumption structure in the Yellow River Basin in Shandong Province were analyzed by using the methods of information entropy and equilibrium degree,Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient.The results show that the agricultural water use in the Yellow River Basin in Shandong Province no longer has a single absolute advantage,and the water resources allocation is transforming into multi-objective.The information entropy and equilibrium degree show a synchronous upward trend,indicating that the distribution of various types of water consumption is developing towards uniformity.From 2008 to 2022,the spatial equilibrium degree of agricultural water use in the Yellow River Basin of Shandong Provinceis is decreased obviously,the spatial equilibrium degree of industrial water use is increased slightly,the spatial equilibrium state of domestic water use does not change greatly,and the spatial equilibrium degree of ecological water use is increased obviously.From 2008 to 2022,the spatial distribution of agricultural water use in the Yellow River Basin in Shandong Province changs from an obvious equilibrium state to a relatively balanced state,while the spatial distribution of industrial and domestic water use has always been relatively balanced,and the spatial distribution of ecological water use has changed from a poor equilibrium state to a relatively balanced state.The proportion of agricultural water in Dezhou is the highest,the proportion of industrial water in Zibo is obviously higher than that in other regions,and the proportion of domestic water in Jinan is the highest and slowly rising.In 2018,the proportion of ecological water in Jinan is the highest,and the proportion of ecological water is the lowest in Dezhou.

关 键 词：用水结构 信息熵 均衡度 洛伦茨曲线 基尼系数 山东省 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]