建筑外门窗气密性能研究综述  

Reviewof Research ontheAirtighghtness of Outer Doors and Windows of Buildings

作　　者：付相球 张喜臣 王晓军 戴红亮 刘宁 赵倩 FU Xiangqu;ZHANG Xichen;WANG Xiaojun;DAI Hongliang;LIU Ning;ZHAO Qian(Jianke EET Co.,Ltd.,China Academy of Building Research,Beijing 100013,China;State Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Built Environment,China Academy of Building Research,Bejing 100013,China;China Construction Metal Structure Association,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]中国建筑科学研究院有限公司建科环能科技有限公司,北京100013 [2]中国建筑科学研究院有限公司建筑安全与环境国家重点实验室,北京100013 [3]中国建筑金属结构协会,北京100037

出　　处：《建筑科学》2024年第12期107-115,290,共10页Building Science

基　　金：住房和城乡建设部2022年科学技术项目“围护结构保障建筑低碳运营关键技术研究”(2022-K-146)。

摘　　要：气密性能是外门窗在正常锁闭状态时阻止空气渗透的能力,是门窗产品的重要性能指标之一,其直接影响建筑物的能耗和住宅舒适度。为促进门窗行业的高质量发展,本文从与建筑能耗的关系、影响因素、理论分析方法、试验检测方法4个方面总结了门窗气密性能的研究进展。结果表明门窗的气密性显著影响建筑能耗,其气密性能受开启形式、型材材料和断面形式、密封条的材料和形式、五金件的质量与构造、安装质量的优劣等多方面因素的影响,目前理论分析方法以流体力学理论为主,试验检测方法有静压箱法、示踪气体法、红外热成像法等。并分析了当前存在的试验难以重复、基础理论不完善、缺乏定量的计算分析方法、空气渗透机理复杂等多个研究难点。在此基础上,对未来的研究方向进行展望,为门窗气密性能的研究探讨新路径。Air tightness is the ability of outer doors and windows to prevent air infiltration in the normal locked state.It is one of the important performance indicators of door and window products,directly affecting energy consumption and residential comfort.To promote the high-quality development of the door and window industry,the paper summarized the research progress in the air tightness performance of doors and windows in the four aspects of its relationship with building energy consumption,influencing factors,theoretical analysis methods,and experimental detection methods.The results showed that the air tightness of doors and windows significantly affects building energy consumption,which is influenced by the opening form,profile material and cross-sectional form,sealing strip material and form,hardware quality and construction,and installation quality.Currently,the theoretical analysis method is mainly based on fluid mechanics.The experimental detection methods include the static pressure box method,tracer gas method,infrared thermal imaging method,etc.Moreover,multiple research difficulties were analyzed,including difficulty in repeating experiments,incomplete basic theories,lack of quantitative calculation and analysis methods,and complex air infiltration mechanisms.On this basis,future research directions were explored to open up new paths for research on the air tightness performance of doors and windows.

关 键 词：建筑环境 门窗气密性 建筑能耗 空气渗透机理 气密性检测方法 

分 类 号：TU111[建筑科学—建筑理论]