基于室内空气品质的严寒地区居住建筑通风策略的实测研究  

Empirical Study on Ventilation Strategies for Residential Buildings in Severely Cold Areas Based on Indoor Air Quality

作　　者：宋嘉森 冯国会[2] 黄凯良[2] 孙文 SONG Jiasen;FENG Guohui;HUANG Kailinag;SUN Wen(School of Civil Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Shenyang Jianzhu University,Shenyang 110168,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学土木工程学院,重庆400044 [2]沈阳建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,沈阳110168

出　　处：《建筑科学》2024年第12期249-254,274,共7页Building Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“严寒地区住宅厨房排烟耦合过程机理与热环境改善方法研究”(52178082)。

摘　　要：根据严寒地区居住建筑室内外的空气质量与居民通风习惯,以辽宁地区为例,为当地居民的室内通风策略提供科学的参考依据。使用在线传感器对住宅的室内空气质量和通风行为习惯进行长期在线监测,并进行统计分析,得出现阶段污染现状与通风策略。在冬季由于辽宁地区室外污染严重,导致室内细颗粒物日平均浓度超过50μg/m^(3)的现象更多,二氧化碳日平均浓度超过1 000 ppm的现象主要发生在过渡季和冬季,卧室的甲醛浓度超标现象比客厅更多;居民的开窗行为习惯有着较强的季节性,受温差影响较大,冬季卧室的日平均开窗时长只有0.3 h,而且大部分居民有起床后开窗通风的习惯。不同季节综合考虑室内温度与不同污染物浓度的影响,使用机械通风系统和空调系统应经常清理避免出现二次污染现象。Based on the indoor air quality of residential buildings and the ventilation habits of residents in severely cold areas,Liaoning was used as an example to provide scientific reference for indoor ventilation strategies adopted by local residents.In this study,online sensors were used for long-term online monitoring of residential air quality and ventilation behaviors and habits of residents.A statistical analysis was conducted to determine the current pollution status and ventilation strategies.In Liaoning,the average daily indoor PM_(2.5) concentration exceeds 50μg/m^(3)more frequently in winter due to severe outdoor pollution;the average daily concentration of CO_(2)higher than 1000 ppm occurs mainly during the transitional season and winter;the formaldehyde concentration exceeds the standard more often in bedrooms than in living rooms.The behavioral habits of residents to open windows are highly seasonal and are influenced by temperature,with an average daily window-opening duration of only 0.3h in bedrooms in winter,and most residents have the habit of opening windows after getting up for ventilation.The influence of indoor temperature and the concentration of different pollutants should be taken into account in different seasons,and attention should be paid to cleaning before using mechanical ventilation systems and air conditioning systems to avoid secondary pollution.

关 键 词：自然通风 甲醛 居住建筑 开窗行为 通风策略 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]