高强度、高透明的生物基水性聚氨酯的结构设计与性能  

Structural Design and Property of High Strength and High Transparency Bio-based Waterborne Polyurethane

作　　者：吴耀文 甘淼 赵秀英[1,2] 胡仕凯 张立群[1,2] Yao-wen Wu;Miao Gan;Xiu-ying Zhao;Shi-kai Hu;Li-qun Zhang(Beijing Engineering Research Center of Advanced Elastomers,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029;State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029)

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学北京市先进弹性体材料研究中心,北京100029 [2]北京化工大学有机-无机复合材料国家重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《高分子学报》2025年第1期36-46,共11页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(基金号52250357,52203003)资助。

摘　　要：聚氨酯涂料被广泛用作各种基材的保护层和装饰层.然而,大量使用溶剂型涂料会造成环境污染.水性聚氨酯涂料具有低毒性和低挥发性有机物排放的特点,是一种环保型涂料,但制造水性聚氨酯的主要原材料来自不可持续的石油资源.本研究利用生物基聚三亚甲基醚二醇(PO3G)通过预聚体法合成了一系列生物基含量在60%左右的生物基水性聚氨酯(WPU),对WPU的结构和性能进行了系统表征.结果表明,随着亲水扩链剂含量的提高,乳液的粒径和样品的断裂伸长率降低,乳液的Zeta电位绝对值和黏度,胶膜微相分离程度,拉伸强度和杨氏模量提高,其中WPU-7样品的拉伸强度和杨氏模量分别达到55.2和77.1 MPa,韧性为97.18 MJ·m^(-3),所有样品在可见光波长范围内透光率均超过89%,此材料有望应用于显微镜镜片等领域的保护和装饰.这项研究为设计具有优异性能的生物基WPU提供了新思路,从而减少对石化资源的依赖.Polyurethane coatings are widely used as a protective and decorative layer for various substrates.However,the extensive use of solvent-based coatings can cause environmental pollution.Waterborne polyurethane(WPU)coating possess the characteristics of low toxicity and VOC emission,which is an environmentally and friendly coating,but the main raw material for WPU comes from unsustainable petroleum resources.Herein,a series of WPU with biobased content of about 60%were synthesized by prepolymer method using biobased polytrimethylether diol(PO3G).The structures and properties of WPU were systematically characterized,and the effects of hydrophilic chain extender content on their properties were studied.The results showed that with the increase of the hydrophilic chain extender content,the particle size of the emulsion and elongation at break decreased,and the absolute value of Zeta potential,viscosity,degree of microphase separation,tensile strength and Young’s modulus increased.The tensile strength,Young’s modulus,toughness of WPU-7 sample reached 55.2 MPa,77.1 MPa,97.18 MJ·m-3,respectively.The light transmittance of all the samples exceeds 89%in the visible wavelength range.The materials are expected to be used as protective and decorative layer in microscope lenses and other fields.This research provides new ideas for the design of biobased WPU with excellent performance and reducing the dependence on petrochemical resources.

关 键 词：生物基 水性聚氨酯 微相分离 高强度 高透明 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]