叶面滞尘对塔里木盆地棉蚜种群动态及发生格局的影响  

Effects of Dust Retention on Population Growth Dynamics and Occurrence Pattern of Aphis Gossypii in Tarim Basin

作　　者：陈婧 李利[2] 刘容 罗树凯 梁虎军 Chen Jing;Li Li;Liu Rong;Luo Shukai;Liang Hujun(Xinjiang Agricultural Vocational Technical University,Changji 831100,Xinjiang,China;State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China;Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences and Technology,1 st Agricultural Production Division,Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Alar 843300,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业职业技术大学,新疆昌吉831100 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所/荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [3]新疆兵团第一师农业科学研究所,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《绿色科技》2024年第21期66-70,共5页Journal of Green Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:42077373);“天山英才”培养计划“三农”骨干人才项目(编号:2023SNGGNT082);庭州青年科技人才(编号:2023QN02)。

摘　　要：塔里木盆地浮尘频发,叶面滞尘极为普遍,对棉蚜的行为和发生产生要影响。通过模拟滞尘的方法研究了不同滞尘方式和滞尘强度下棉蚜种群的发生动态和分布格局。结果表明:叶面重度滞尘能抑制蚜虫种群的增长,而先滞尘再接蚜虫对种群增长的抑制作用要大于先接种蚜虫再滞尘处理;蚜虫种群增长符合Logistic增长模型,重尘处理下以拟合曲线表征的环境容纳量显著降低,是导致种群增长延缓的原因;滞尘环境显著改变了蚜虫在棉株上的分布格局,尤其是重尘条件下,蚜虫更多分布在心叶和棉秆上,而与无尘条件下大多数分布在冠层叶正面的情况形成明显分异。这些结论说明在塔里木盆地,尘覆盖对蚜虫发生有抑制作用,叶面滞尘是防治棉蚜危害的天然方法。Dust cover on the leaf surface is a common phenomenon in the Tarim Basin due to frequent and strong sandstorm.Foliar dust retention can change the leaf microenvironment and disturb the behavior and the population dynamics of Aphis gossypii.A dust-spraying experiments was carried to investigate the dynamic and distribution pattern of Aphis gossypii population under different modes and intensities of dust retention.The results showed that severe dust retention on leaf surface could inhibit the growth of aphid population,and the inhibition effect of dust retention before aphid inoculation was greater than that of aphid inoculation after aphid treatment.Under the experimental conditions,regardless of dust retention,aphid population growth was consistent with the Logistic growth model,and the environmental capacity represented by the fitting curve was significantly reduced under heavy dust treatment,which was the reason for the delay of population growth.The dust retention environment significantly changed the distribution pattern of aphids on cotton plants,especially under heavy dust conditions,aphids distributed more on heart leaves and cotton stalks,which was significantly different from that under no dust conditions,when most aphids distributed on the front of canopy leaves.These results suggested that dust cover on the cotton leaf inhibited the growth of aphid population and helped in the control of cotton aphid in the Tarim Basin.

关 键 词：滞尘 棉蚜 种群增长 发生格局 

分 类 号：S429[农业科学—植物保护]