铁路隧道内无砟轨道上拱变形模型及其应用研究  

Study on Analysis Model and Its Application of Upward Deformation of Ballastless Track in Railway Tunnel

作　　者：赵国堂 李晨曦[1] 宋慧来 赵磊 赵一馨 ZHAO Guotang;LI Chenxi;SONG Huilai;ZHAO Lei;ZHAO Yixin(School of Transportation,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100844,China;School of Civil Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;Railway Engineering Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;National Key Laboratory of High Speed Railway Track System,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Infrastructure Inspection Center,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学交通运输学院,北京100044 [2]中国国家铁路集团有限公司,北京100844 [3]西南交通大学土木工程学院,四川成都610031 [4]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所,北京100081 [5]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司高速铁路轨道系统全国重点实验室,北京100081 [6]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司基础设施检测中心,北京100081

出　　处：《铁道学报》2025年第1期101-111,共11页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52278466);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(J2023G014);中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研项目(2024YJ046)。

摘　　要：隧道在复杂地质和高水压环境下易产生衬砌裂损、渗漏水及隧底变形等病害,尤其是隧底隆起,对铁路安全和轨道平顺性构成威胁。提出水是隧底隆起的源头,基于水致泥岩膨胀与高水压对隧底及衬砌结构局部作用效应,构建隧底结构-荷载模型,并建立有限元模型分析不同隧底围压下结构变形与层间损伤。计算结果表明:隧底围压增加导致结构层间及施工缝界面黏结失效迅速发展,轨道高低、水平、三角坑不平顺性增大,节段挤出效应显著;双线隧道更易发生显著的结构及轨道变形,单线隧道在相同条件下可减少80%隆起量;仰拱厚度不足加剧结构变形和层间离缝,仰拱隆起与无砟轨道上拱变形呈非线性,双线隧道仰拱厚度不足0.2 m时,结构隆起与上拱变形快速增加,层间黏结破坏的临界围压由厚度0.6 m的1.3 MPa降至厚度0.3 m的0.9 MPa。计算结果验证了结构-荷载模型的科学性,其揭示的隆起与上拱变形规律对铁路设计、建造与运维具有重要作用。Tunnels under complex geological and high water pressure conditions often suffer from lining cracks,water leakage,and tunnel⁃bottom deformations,particularly bottom heave,posing a threat to railway safety and track regularity.In this study,water was identified as the primary cause of tunnel bottom heave.Based on the effects of water⁃induced mudstone swelling and high water pressure on the tunnel base and localized lining structures,a tunnel base structure⁃load model is established,with a finite element model being established to analyze structural deformation and interlayer damage under varying bottom confining pressures.The results show that increasing bottom confining pressure accelerates interlayer and construction⁃joint debonding,exacerbates track irregularities(vertical,lateral,and triangular pit),and leads to no⁃ticeable segment“extrusion.”Double⁃track tunnels are more prone to significant structural and track deformation,whereas single⁃track tunnels reduce heave by approximately 80%under the same conditions.Insufficient invert thickness aggravates structural deformation and interlayer gaps,exhibiting a nonlinear relationship between invert heave and track upward de⁃formation.When the invert thickness of a double⁃track tunnel is less than 0.2 m,heave and upward deformation increase rapidly,and the critical confining pressure for interlayer debonding decreases from 1.3 MPa(at 0.6 m thickness)to 0.9 MPa(at 0.3 m thickness).These findings validate the proposed structure⁃load model.The revealed heave and upward deformation behaviors offer valuable insights for railway design,construction,operation and maintenance.

关 键 词：隧道仰拱隆起 隧底围压 结构-荷载模型 轨道上拱变形 层间伤损 

分 类 号：U213.2[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U451.2[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]