风向对路堑周围风沙流场影响的数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of Effect of Wind Direction on Wind⁃Sand Flow Field Around Cutting

作　　者：石龙[1] 王玉竹 韩峰[1] 薛春晓 SHI Long;WANG Yuzhu;HAN Feng;XUE Chunxiao(School of Civil Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Faculty of Geomatics,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Northwest Research Institute Co.,Ltd.of China Railway Engineering Corporation,Lanzhou 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学土木工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]兰州交通大学测绘与地理信息学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]中铁西北科学研究院有限公司,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《铁道学报》2025年第1期131-137,共7页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：兰州交通大学青年科学基金(2024033);兰州交通大学重点研发项目(LZJTU-ZDYF2305);中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(N2023X050)。

摘　　要：为认识风沙环境下风向对路堑沙害的影响,利用计算流体力学中的欧拉双流体非稳态模型,分析不同风向角(风向与路堑走向的夹角)场景下风沙流对路堑的响应规律,并研究其响应机理。数值模拟结果与现场监测结果相吻合,但由于数值模型中存在阻塞效应致使前者略微高估了路堑周围的风速。路堑内部沉沙区面积、路堑对气流的扰动能力和路堑内部的积沙量与风向角呈正相关。风向角β≤30°,路堑内部未观察到循环泡,风向角β>30°,路堑内部可观察到明显的循环泡,且随着风向角的增大其面积呈递增趋势。本质上,风向角的减小相当于减缓路堑边坡坡率,进而减少其内部的积沙量。路堑内部沙害程度与风向角呈正相关,为减轻风积沙对线路的危害,路堑应以小风向角穿越风沙地区,有条件时风向角宜控制在30°以内。To understand the effect of wind direction on the sand hazard of the railway cutting under wind⁃sand environ⁃ment,the response of wind⁃sand flow on the cutting with different wind angles(the angle between wind direction and the railway direction)was investigated in this paper using the Eulerian two⁃fluid unsteady model in computational fluid me⁃chanics(CFD),with the response mechanism discussed.The numerical simulation results are in good agreement with the field monitoring results,but with the former slightly overestimating the wind velocity around the cutting due to the bloc⁃king effect in the numerical model.The area of sand deposition zone in the cutting,the disturbance ability of the cutting to airflow and the sand accumulation in the cutting are positively correlated with the wind angle.In the case of the wind angleβ≤30°,no circulation bubbles are observed in the cutting,while for the wind angleβ>30°,obvious circulation bubbles are observed,with the area showing an increasing trend with increasing wind angle.Actually,the reduction in wind angle is equivalent to slowing down the cutting slope,thus reducing sand accumulation in the cutting.The sand hazard in the cutting is positively correlated with the wind angle.To mitigate the hazard of sand accumulation on the rail⁃way,the cutting is recommended to pass through the wind⁃blown sand area with a small wind angle,with the wind angle restricted to within 30°if possible.

关 键 词：路堑 风沙流场 风向 现场测试 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U216.41[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]