孕晚期经产妇既往母乳喂养困难体验的质性研究  

Experiences of previous breastfeeding difficulties of multiparous women in late pregnancy:a qualitative study

作　　者：梁咏其 殷彩欣 陈瑜[3] Liang Yongqi;Yin Caixin;Chen Yu(School of Nursing,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510315,China;Nursing Department,Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center,Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510620,China;School of Nursing,Southern Medical University,Guangzhou 510515,China)

机构地区：[1]广东药科大学护理学院,广州510315 [2]广州医科大学附属妇女儿童医疗中心护理部,广州510620 [3]南方医科大学护理学院,广州510515

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2025年第3期321-326,共6页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(72274090)。

摘　　要：目的基于压力交互作用理论了解孕晚期经产妇既往母乳喂养困难经历的真实体验,探讨既往的母乳喂养困难经历及对下一次母乳喂养的影响。方法本研究为质性研究。采用目的抽样法,选取2023年7—9月在广州医科大学附属妇女儿童医疗中心产检的9名孕晚期经产妇作为研究对象。经产妇年龄28~42岁,孕周30^(+2)~38^(+6)周。采用现象学方法对其进行半结构式访谈,采用Colaizzi 7步分析法分析资料。结果整理访谈结果共提炼出3个主题,分别为:既往母乳喂养困难对孕晚期经产妇具有伤害性、威胁性和挑战性;经产妇在遇到母乳喂养困难时主要向非专业人员求助;经历过母乳喂养困难的孕晚期经产妇对再次哺乳存在渴望、恐惧、渴望与恐惧并存的心理。结论医护人员需要早期识别出存在母乳喂养困难的人群,并及时进行个性化的干预;同时积极引导孕产妇及家庭成员遇到母乳喂养困难时通过正规的渠道寻求专业人员的帮助;医务人员需要密切关注母乳喂养困难经历引起的心理状况变化,存在母乳喂养创伤的孕产妇会对未来母乳喂养产生恐惧的心理,可采用创伤知情照护联合心理支持干预、引导性反馈等方法减少母乳喂养创伤对下次哺乳的影响。Objective To understand the real experience of previous breastfeeding difficulties experienced by multiparous women in late pregnancy based on the theory of pressure interaction,and to explore the previous experience of breastfeeding difficulties and its impact on the next breastfeeding.Methods This study was a qualitative study.Purposive sampling was used to select nine cases of late-pregnancy multiparous women in Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center of Guangzhou Medical University from July to September 2023 as the study subjects.Multiparous women aged 28 to 42 years with gestational weeks of 30^(+2) to 38^(+6) weeks.Semi-structured interviews were conducted using the phenomenological research method,and the data were analyzed using the Colaizzi 7-step analysis.Results The results of the interviews were collated to distill three themes,including previous breastfeeding difficulties were hurtful,threatening,and challenging to late-pregnant multiparous women;multiparous women mainly sought help from non-professional when experiencing breastfeeding difficulties;and late-pregnant multiparous women who experienced breastfeeding difficulties had coexisting psychological states of craving,fear,and craving and fearing of breastfeeding again.Conclusions Healthcare professionals need to identify people with breastfeeding difficulties at an early stage and provide personalized interventions in a timely manner.At the same time,they need to actively guide pregnant women and their family members to seek professional help through formal channels when they encounter breastfeeding difficulties.Healthcare professionals need to pay close attention to changes in psychological status caused by difficult breastfeeding experiences.Pregnant women with breastfeeding trauma can develop a fear of future breastfeeding.Trauma-informed care combined with psychosocial support interventions and guided feedback can be used to reduce the impact of breastfeeding trauma on the next breastfeeding.

关 键 词：经产妇 母乳喂养困难 体验 质性研究 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]