高强钢商用车油箱托架热冲压成形工艺研究  

Research on hot stamping forming process of high-strength steel commercial vehicle fuel tank bracket

作　　者：徐勇[1] 陈明[2] 贾国富 解文龙 张士宏[1] XU Yong;CHEN Ming;JIA Guo-fu;XIE Wen-long;ZHANG Shi-hong(Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Science,Shenyang 110016,China;School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,Liaoning University of Science and Technology,Anshan 114051,China;Changchun Automotive Stamping Parts Co.,Ltd.,Changchun 130013,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院金属研究所师昌绪先进材料创新中心,辽宁沈阳110016 [2]辽宁科技大学机械工程与自动化学院,辽宁鞍山114051 [3]长春市汽车冲压件有限公司,吉林长春130013

出　　处：《塑性工程学报》2025年第1期30-40,共11页Journal of Plasticity Engineering

基　　金：吉林省与中国科学院科技合作高技术产业化专项资金资助项目(2022SYHZ0007)。

摘　　要：为获得具有大弯曲特征的高强钢商用车油箱托架热冲压成形的最佳工艺参数,首先通过有限元模拟分析了摩擦因数、初始温度和成形速度3个成形工艺参数对托架壁厚和最大减薄率的影响。然后,通过正交试验和极差分析法,获得影响零件热冲压成形质量的主次因素和热冲压最佳工艺参数。结果表明,零件最大减薄率随初始温度的升高而降低;随摩擦因数和成形速度的增大而增大。正交试验结果表明,摩擦因数对最大减薄率的影响程度最大,其次是初始温度,成形速度的影响最小。在初始温度为920℃、摩擦因数为0.25、成形速度为30 mm·s^(-1)的参数组合下,零件的最大减薄率为12.3%。试验获得零件的最大减薄率为10.1%,从零件上取样进行拉伸得到抗拉强度均大于1500 MPa,平均硬度达到467.33 HV,显微组织为马氏体和残余奥氏体。试验结果表明有限元模拟的预测误差较小,零件无明显缺陷,并获得了最佳成形工艺参数。To obtain the optimal process parameters of hot stamping forming for high-strength steel commercial vehicle fuel tank bracket with large bending characteristics,the influences of three process parameters,namely initial temperature,friction factor and forming speed,on the thickness and the maximum thinning rate of the bracket were studied by the finite element simulation.Then,through orthogonal tests and range analysis,the primary and secondary factors and the optimal process parameters affecting the forming quality of the part in hot stamping were obtained.The results show that the maximum thinning rate of the part decreases with the increase of the initial temperature,and increases with the increase of friction factor and forming speed.The orthogonal tests results show that the friction factor has the greatest influence on the maximum thinning rate,followed by the initial temperature,and the forming speed has the least influence.When the initial temperature is 920℃,the friction factor is 0.25 and the forming speed is 30 mm·s^(-1),the maximum thinning rate of the part is 12.3%.The maximum thinning rate of the parts obtained from the test is 10.1%,the tensile strength obtained from the samples of the parts for tensile is greater than 1500 MPa,the average hardness reaches 467.33 HV,and the microstructure is martensite and residual austenite.The test results show that the prediction error of finite element simulation is small,there are no obvious defects in the parts,and the best forming process parameters are obtained.

关 键 词：油箱托架 热冲压成形 最大减薄率 

分 类 号：TG316.5[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]