煤系典型岩石受载全过程光−电−声波多参数响应特征  

Optical-electrical-acoustic wave multiparameter response characteristics of typical rocks in coal-bearing strata throughout the loading process

作　　者：张平松[1,2] 刘畅[2] ZHANG Pingsong;LIU Chang(State Key Laboratory for Safe Mining of Deep Coal Resources and Environment Protection,Anhui University of Science&Technology,Huainan 232001,China;School of Earth and Environment,Anhui University of Science&Technology,Huainan 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学深部煤炭安全开采与环境保护全国重点实验室,安徽淮南232001 [2]安徽理工大学地球与环境学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《煤田地质与勘探》2025年第1期204-214,共11页Coal Geology & Exploration

基　　金：地球深部探测与矿产资源勘查国家科技重大专项课题(2024ZD1004106);安徽理工大学高层次引进人才科研启动基金项目(2024yjrc78)。

摘　　要：【目的】岩石在载荷作用下的变形与断裂会引起潜在参数信息的变化,通过参数的动态捕捉可表征裂隙生成、扩展、闭合过程,是一种岩石健康评价的重要方法。【方法】基于搭建的多参数测试系统,开展单轴加载条件下岩石试件的分布式光纤应变、电极电流、纵波波速的同步采集,进一步构建强度−参数特征关系图谱以及参数层析成像结果,精细描述了砂岩、灰岩、泥岩3类典型岩石受载全过程多参数的时空演化特征。【结果和结论】试验结果表明:时间−压力曲线和多参数响应曲线具有较好的一致性,螺旋布设的分布式光纤应变在试件的原生孔隙压缩和线弹性阶段表现为缓慢、稳定的增长,在裂隙生成、扩展阶段表现为突然、快速的增长。试验中,砂岩、灰岩、泥岩的临破裂分布式光纤应变值分别为933×10−6,401×10−6和3790×10−6;电极电流在原生孔隙压缩和线弹性阶段变化微小,在裂隙生成、扩展阶段明显地降低、裂隙闭合时有一定回升;在原生孔隙压缩、线弹性、破裂阶段,砂岩的纵波波速分别为4.31、4.39、1.26 km/s,灰岩的纵波波速分别为4.80、4.93、3.10 km/s,泥岩的纵波波速分别为3.65、3.57、1.71 km/s。通过获得的岩石受载全过程能量值,构建了损伤变量D来评价岩石试件的损伤演化程度,砂岩的D值经历了缓增−降低−突增3个阶段,灰岩的D值经历了缓慢增大−快增−停滞−突增4个阶段,泥岩的D值经历了缓慢增大−快增−突增3个阶段。基于分布式光纤应变测试结果,探究了不同岩性岩石试件的破裂模式,为载荷下次生裂隙生成、扩展以及潜在破裂面位置预测提供支持。[Objective]The deformations and rupture of rocks under loading will cause potential changes in parameters.Dynamic parameter capture assists in characterizing the generation,propagation,and closure processes of fractures,serving as a significant method for assessing rock quality.[Methods]Using a multiparameter test system,this study synchronously acquired strain measured using distributed optic fibers,electrode current,and compressional wave(P-wave)velocities of rock specimens under uniaxial loading.Accordingly,this study determined strength vs.parameter characteristic relationship graphs and parametric tomography results,finely describing the multiparameter spatiotemporal evolu tionary characteristics of three typical rocks(i.e.,sandstone,limestone,and mudstone)throughout the loading process.[Results and Conclusions]The test results indicate that the time vs.pressure curves were highly consistent with the multiparameter response curves.For the rock specimens,the strain measured using spirally distributed optic fibers exhib-ited a slow,stable growth in the compression and linear elasticity stages of primary pores but a sudden,rapid growth in the fracture generation and propagation stages.During the tests,the strain measured using distributed optic fibers for sandstone,limestone,and mudstone under critical fracturing were 933×10−6,401×10−6,and 3790×10−6,respectively.The electrode current changed minimally in the compression and linear elasticity stages of primary pores,decreased sig-nificantly in the fracture generation and propagation stages,and rebounded during fracture closure.In the compression,linear elasticity,and failure stages of primary pores,the P-wave velocities of the sandstone specimen were 4.31 km/s,4.39 km/s,and 1.26 km/s,respectively;those of the limestone specimen were 4.80 km/s,4.93 km/s,and 3.10 km/s,re-spectively,and those of the mudstone specimen were 3.65 km/s,3.57 km/s,and 1.71 km/s,respectively.Based on the en-ergy values of the rock specimens throughout the loading process,this stu

关 键 词：岩石受载 响应特征 分布式光纤 并行电法 数字超声波 含煤地层 

分 类 号：TD311[矿业工程—矿井建设]