新型小型化磁传感弹速测试关键技术研究  

Research on the key technology of new miniaturised magnetic sensing ball velocity test

作　　者：陈仟 武锦辉 Chen Qian;Wu Jinhui(School of Instrumentation and Electronics,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学仪器与电子学院,太原030051

出　　处：《电子测量与仪器学报》2024年第11期193-199,共7页Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划资助项目(202203021211087);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2023-141);中北大学研究生科技立项(20231939)项目资助。

摘　　要：针对区截测速领域中,传统测速装置存在有效面积小、位置固定、布置繁琐等问题,基于电磁感应原理,提出并验证了一种新型电磁感应传感单元,用于精确测量弹丸初速。与传统磁感应线圈相比,该结构采用感应线圈包裹永磁体,使弹丸无需磁化即可产生感应电动势,提高了测速靶的灵敏度和测量精度;另外传感单元与弹道同轴独立布置,有效解决了弹道方向与测试装置稳定位置之间的相对位置问题,增大磁感应有效面积,增强了测量装置的便携性,可以使其灵活运用于多种弹丸测速场合。该方案利用COMSOL软件对传感单元进行建模,对永磁体模型和在不同条件下弹丸穿过磁场的动态过程进行了详细的仿真分析。依据仿真数据制作线圈传感单元,并对仿真结果进行多次实验验证,测试结果表明,传感单元感应电压随弹丸速度的加快而增大,且二者之间在一定范围内呈线性关系,与仿真所得结果一致。该研究不仅为电磁感应测速靶的优化提供了理论依据和数据支持,而且为电磁炮和其他高速发射系统的膛内、外弹道初速测量提纲了有效解决途径。Aiming at the problems of small effective area,fixed position and cumbersome arrangement of the traditional velocimetry device in the field of area-intercept velocimetry,based on the principle of electromagnetic induction,a new type of electromagnetic induction sensing unit is proposed and verified for the accurate measurement of the initial velocity of the projectile.Compared with the traditional magnetic induction coil,this structure adopts an induction coil wrapped with a permanent magnet,so that the projectile does not need to be magnetised to generate an induced electromotive force,which improves the sensitivity and measurement accuracy of the velocimetry target.In addition,the sensing unit is independently arranged coaxially with the trajectory,which effectively solves the problem of the relative position between the direction of the ballistic trajectory and the stable position of the test device,increases the effective area of the magnetic induction,and strengthens the portability of the measurement device,which can make it Flexible use in a variety of projectile velocity measurement occasions.The solution uses COMSOL software to model the sensing unit,and conducts detailed simulation analysis of the permanent magnet model and the dynamic process of the projectile passing through the magnetic field under different conditions.Based on the simulation data to create a coil sensing unit,and the simulation results of a number of experimental verification,test results show that the sensing unit sensing voltage increases with the speed of the projectile,and the two are linear within a certain range,consistent with the results obtained from the simulation.This study not only provides theoretical basis and data support for the optimisation of electromagnetic induction velocity target,but also outlines an effective solution for the measurement of in-bore and out-of-bore ballistic muzzle velocity of electromagnetic artillery and other high-speed launch systems.

关 键 词：区截测速 弹丸初速 电磁感应原理 COMSOL仿真 

分 类 号：TJ410.6[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程] TN98[电子电信—信息与通信工程]