后量子密码技术研究综述  

Overview of Research on Post-quantum Cryptography Technology

作　　者：吴昆 胡现刚 WU Kun;HU Xiangang(Unit 91977 of People’s Liberation Army of China,Beijing 100071,China;Naval Staff Department of the Southern Theater Command,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524000,China)

机构地区：[1]91977部队,北京100071 [2]南部战区海军参谋部,广东湛江524000

出　　处：《计算机科学》2025年第2期8-19,共12页Computer Science

摘　　要：量子计算的发展对经典密码体制造成了极大的安全威胁。后量子密码算法在理论上可以抵抗量子攻击,因此成为现阶段研究的热点。根据困难性假设分类,首先介绍基于格、编码、多变量、哈希函数等的后量子密码算法的研究现状,分析其技术特点和优劣,同时结合NIST后量子密码标准化成果,介绍不同技术路线的典型密码算法。最后,总结现阶段后量子密码迁移的技术方案,并提出未来后量子密码可能的发展方向。The development of quantum computing poses a significant security threat to classical cryptographic systems.Post-quantum cryptographic algorithms,which are theoretically capable of resisting quantum attacks,have become a hot topic of research at present.According to the classification of hardness assumptions,this paper first introduces the current state of research on post-quantum cryptographic algorithms such as lattice-based,code-based,multivariate,and hash-based,analyzing their technical characteristics and advantages and disadvantages.At the same time,combined with the results of the NIST post-quantum cryptography standardization,typical cryptographic algorithms of different technical routes are introduced.Finally,this paper summarizes the technical solutions for the current migration to post-quantum cryptography and proposes possible future development directions for post-quantum cryptography.

关 键 词：后量子密码 基于格的密码 基于编码的密码 基于多变量的密码 基于哈希的密码 量子迁移 

分 类 号：TP309[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]