有机磷农药污染地块有机物质组成特征与异味物质识别  

Composition characteristics of organic matter and identification of odorous substances in organophosphorus pesticide-contaminated land

作　　者：翟增秀 李伟芳 李佳音 杨伟华 肖咸德 王静 ZHAI Zengxiu;LI Weifang;LI Jiayin;YANG Weihua;XIAO Xiande;WANG Jing(Tianjin Academy of Ecological and Environmental Sciences,Tianjin,300191,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Odor Pollution Control,Tianjin,300191,China;Tianjin Sinodor Environmental Science and Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin,300191,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市生态环境科学研究院,天津300191 [2]国家环境保护恶臭污染控制重点实验室,天津300191 [3]天津迪兰奥特环保科技开发有限公司,天津300191

出　　处：《环境化学》2025年第1期164-173,共10页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1806101)资助.

摘　　要：农药污染地块异味问题凸显,准确识别异味物质是地块治理修复的重要科学依据.采用顶空-气相色谱高分辨质谱法对有机磷农药污染地块土壤中的挥发性及半挥发性有机物进行检测,综合检出物质的嗅觉阈值、浓度水平、检出率及挥发性等4个指标,通过综合评分法进行异味物质筛选,并结合异味物质的气味安全等级提出有机磷农药污染地块优控异味物质.结果表明,有机磷农药污染地块共检出有机污染物354种,其中以烷烯烃、苯系物、卤代烃、含氧有机物以及硫化物为主(占比之和在90%以上).通过综合评分法筛选出47种潜在异味物质,包括10种含氧有机物、9种含硫有机物、16种芳香化合物、9种卤代烃、2种含氮化合物和1种其他物质(O,O,O-三乙基硫代磷酸酯).根据47种潜在异味物质气味安全等级评价结果,将气味安全等级为A级的8种物质(乙硫醇、三甲胺、戊醛、四氢呋喃、乙醛、甲硫醇、异丙苯和甲硫醚)列为有机磷污染地块优先控制异味物质.The odor pollution in pesticide contaminated sites is prominent,and the accurate identification of odorants provides important scientific basis for site remediation.In the study,a comprehensive scoring method was established and applied to screen odorants in the light of olfactory threshold,concentration,detection rate,and volatility based on the analysis results of volatile and semi volatile organic compounds by headspace-gas chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry in organophosphorus pesticide contaminated sites.The optimal odorants controlled of organophosphorus pesticide contaminated sites were proposed combined with the odor safety grade.A total of 354 organic pollutants were detected in organophosphorus pesticide contaminated sites,among which alkanes,alkenes,aromatic compounds,halogenated compounds,oxygenated compounds,and sulfur compounds were the main pollutants(the sum of which accounted for more than 90%).47 potential odorants were screened by the comprehensive scoring method,including 10 oxygenated compounds,9 sulfur compounds,16 aromatic compounds,9 halogenated compounds,2 nitrogen compounds and 1 other compound(O,O,O-Triethylphosphorothioate).According to the results of odor safety grade evaluation of 47 potential odorants,8 odorants with odor safety grade A(ethanethiol,trimethylamine,pentalaldehyde,tetrahydrofuran,acetaldehyde,methanthiol,isopropylbenzene and dimethyl sulfide)were listed as priority control odorants in organophosphorus pesticide contaminated sites.

关 键 词：有机磷农药 污染地块 有机污染物 异味物质筛选 

分 类 号：X-1[环境科学与工程] O6[理学—化学]