云南典型碳酸盐岩区土壤重金属污染特征及源解析  

Characteristics and source apportionment of soil heavy metal pollution in typical carbonate area of Yunnan Province

作　　者：张好 董春雨 孙思静 黄祖志 张乃明[1,2] 包立 ZHANG Hao;DONG Chunyu;SUN Sijing;HUANG Zuzhi;ZHANG Naiming;BAO Li(College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,650201,China;Yunnan Provincial Soil Fertilization and Pollution Remediation Engineering Research Center,Kunming,650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,昆明650201 [2]云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程研究中心,昆明650201

出　　处：《环境化学》2025年第1期174-186,共13页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：NSFC-云南联合基金(U2002210)资助.

摘　　要：为探究云南典型碳酸盐岩区土壤重金属污染来源,本研究以曲靖市罗平县为研究区,共采集157个土壤样品,测试分析As、Pb、Cu、Zn和Cd元素含量,运用地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法分析土壤重金属污染水平,采用正定因子矩阵分析模型(PMF)和UNMIX模型,探讨研究区土壤重金属来源及其贡献率,结果表明,罗平县耕地土壤重金属中Cd含量最高,Cu、Zn和Cd分别有1.91%、2.55%和21.02%的样点超过国家土壤污染风险筛选值(GB 15618—2018);地累积指数与潜在生态风险指数表明,Cd污染最为严重,有21.02%的样本存在污染,7.01%的样本为极强生态风险;源解析结果表明,研究区土壤中Cd以自然源为主,在PMF和UNMIX模型的贡献率分别为87.68%和92.00%;Cu和Zn以矿业活动为主,PMF模型的贡献率分别为52.17%和44.67%,UNMIX模型的贡献率分别为34.00%和81.00%;As以农业源为主,Pb以工业交通源为主,PMF模型的贡献率为分别为79.46%和71.16%,UNMIX模型的贡献率为92.00%和87.00%.PMF与UNMIX模型分析结果相互补充与印证,能够获得更加可靠的源解析结果.In order to study the sources of soil heavy metal pollution in typical carbonate area of Yunnan province,Luoping county of Qujing city was taken as the research area,and 157 soil samples were collected to test and analyze the content of As,Pb,Cu,Zn and Cd.Geo-accumulation index method and potential ecological risk index method were used to analyze the level of soil heavy metal pollution.Positive matrix factorization(PMF)and UNMIX were used to explore the sources of heavy metals in soil and their contribution rates.The results showed that Cd content in arable soil of Luoping county was the highest,and 1.91%,2.55%and 21.02%of sampling points of Cu,Zn and Cd exceeded national soil pollution risk screening value(GB 15618—2018);Geo-accumulation index and potential ecological risk index showed that Cd pollution was the most serious with 21.02%of samples polluted and 7.01% of samples at extremely high ecological risk;source apportionment results showed that Cd in soil of research area mostly came from natural sources with contribution rates using PMF and UNMIX of 87.68% and 92.00% respectively;Cu and Zn mostly came from mining activities with contribution rates using PMF of 52.17% and 44.67% respectively and contribution rates using UNMIX of 34.00% and 81.00% respectively;As mostly came from agricultural source, and Pb mostly came from industrial traffic source. The contribution rates of As and Pb using PMF were 79.46% and 71.16% respectively and using UNMIX were 92.00% and 87.00% respectively. The analysis results using PMF and UNMIX complemented and verified each other, so that more reliable source apportionment results could be got.

关 键 词：碳酸盐岩 地累积指数 潜在生态风险指数 PMF UNMIX 

分 类 号：X-1[环境科学与工程] O6[理学—化学]