淮南光伏沉陷塘微量元素变化特征及健康风险评价  

Study on the variation characteristics and health risk assessment of trace elements in photovoltaic subsidence ponds in Huainan

作　　者：王兴明[1,2,3,4] 胡雨琴 范廷玉 董众兵[1] 梁淑英 董鹏[6] 储昭霞 邓瑞来[7] WANG Xingming;HU Yuqin;FAN Tingyu;DONG Zhongbing;LIANG Shuying;DONG Peng;CHU Zhaoxia;DENG Ruilai(Anhui University of Science and Technology,College of Earth and Environment,Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources and Ecological Protection Engineering in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level in Anhui Province,Huainan,232001,China;Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystems in Wanjiang River Basin and Reconstruction of Provincial and Ministerial Co-Construction of Collaborative Innovation Center,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu,241000,China;Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources and Ecological Protection Engineering in High Groundwater Level Mining Area,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan,232001,China;Chuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau,Chuzhou,239004,China;Resources and Environment Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Anhui Colleges and Universities,School of Bioengineering,Huainan Normal University,Huainan,232038,China;Kunming University of Science and Technology,School of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering,Kunming,650031,China;Anhui Kaiyuan Landscaping Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Hefei,230031,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学地球与环境学院安徽省高潜水位矿区水土资源综合利用与生态保护工程实验室,淮南232001 [2]皖江流域退化生态系统的恢复与重建省部共建协同创新中心,安徽师范大学,芜湖241000 [3]安徽省高潜水位矿区水土资源综合利用与生态保护工程实验室,安徽理工大学,淮南232001 [4]滁州市环保局,滁州239004 [5]资源与环境生物技术安徽普通高校重点实验室,淮南师范学院生物工程学院,淮南232038 [6]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,昆明650031 [7]安徽开源园林绿化工程有限公司,合肥230031

出　　处：《环境化学》2025年第1期273-287,共15页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51878004);国家重点研发计划“固废资源化”重点专项(2020YFC1908601);安徽高校协同创新项目(GXXT-2020-075);安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(202104a06020027);安徽省高校优秀人才重点支持计划项目(gxyqZD2021129);安徽省高潜水位矿区水土资源综合利用与生态保护工程实验室开放课题(2022-WSREPMA-04)资助.

摘　　要：为探究沉陷塘与非沉陷塘、光伏沉陷塘与无光伏沉陷塘、漂浮型光伏沉陷塘与立柱型光伏沉陷塘微量元素污染特征和健康风险的差异,本研究选取对光伏沉陷塘中Cr、Ni、Cd、Pb、Cu、Mn、Zn等7种微量元素进行测试分析,利用相关性和聚类分析,并采用单因子污染指数法、内梅罗指数法和USEPA模型对微量元素进行风险评价.结果表明,沉陷塘中Cd大于《中国地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)中Ⅲ类水环境质量标准,最高达11.78μg·L^(−1),Cu、Zn浓度最小值分别为13.75μg·L^(−1)、34.85μg·L^(−1),均大于长江河源区背景值3.01μg·L^(−1)、6.46μg·L^(−1),呈现一定富集现象,其中,Zn富集程度较高;与无光伏沉陷塘相比,沉陷塘微量元素浓度较低,没有受到光伏面板材料的影响或光伏面板影响较小,整体表现为漂浮型光伏电站>立柱型光伏电站>无光伏沉陷塘;单因子指数法和内梅罗指数法发现沉陷塘污染水平整体表现为立柱光伏沉陷塘>漂浮光伏沉陷塘,光伏沉陷塘>无光伏沉陷塘,沉陷塘>非沉陷塘;相关性和聚类分析显示,漂浮光伏沉陷塘的污染源为冶金化工、汽车排放,立柱光伏沉陷塘的污染源为矿业开采、道路交通、燃煤和农业肥料,无光伏沉陷塘的污染源为工业生产、交通运输和内源污染,非沉陷塘的污染源为工业生产、农业肥料和道路交通;健康风险评价发现沉陷塘中非致癌物质通过饮水摄入途径和皮肤接触途径对成人和儿童造成的非致癌总风险HI均小于1,最大为0.133,处于人体可接受水平,致癌物质Cr、Cd对儿童和成人的致癌风险CR小于1×10^(−6),认为无致癌风险或致癌风险较低.In order to explore the characteristics and health risks of trace elements in subsidence pond,non-subsidence pond,photovoltaic subsidence pond and non-photovoltaic subsidence pond,floating photovoltaic subsidence ponds and pillaring photovoltaic subsidence pond,seven trace elements(Cr,Ni,Cd,Pb,Cu,Mn and Zn)were selected and tested in different subsidence ponds.Correlation and cluster analysis were used to find the sources for the elements.The single factor pollution index,Nemero index and USEPA model were adopted to evaluate the risks of trace elements.Results indicated that Cd concentration in the subsidence pond was higher than level III of China Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard(GB3838—2002),with the highest value of 11.78μg·L^(−1).The minimum concentrations of Cu and Zn were 13.75μg·L^(−1) and 34.85μg·L^(−1),which were higher than 3.01μg·L^(−1) and 6.46μg·L^(−1) registed in the background values in the source area of the Yangtze River,showing a certain enrichment trend and Zn was highly enriched.Compared with the non-photovoltaic subsidence pond,the trace elements concentrations in the subsidence pond were lower,reflecting non-affection by the photovoltaic panel material or the photovoltaic panel.The overall descending order of the trace elements in subsidence pond is:floating photovoltaic subsidence pond>pillaring photovoltaic subsidence pond>non-photovoltaic subsidence pond.The single factor index and the Nemero index revealed that the overall pollution level followed the order:pillaring photovoltaic subsidence pond>floating photovoltaic subsidence pond,photovoltaic subsidence pond>non-photovoltaic subsidence pond,subsidence pond>non-subsidence pond.Correlation and cluster analysis demonstrated that the pollution sources of floating photovoltaic subsidence ponds were from metallurgical chemical industry and automobile emission,pillaring photovoltaic subsidence ponds from mining,road traffic,coal burning and agricultural fertilizer,nonphotovoltaic subsidence ponds from indust

关 键 词：沉陷塘 微量元素 污染评价 相关性和聚类分析 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：X-1[环境科学与工程] O6[理学—化学]