四川省绵阳市规模种猪场病毒性腹泻横断面调查  

Cross-sectional Investigation on Viral Diarrhea on Intensive Pig Breeding Farms in Mianyang City,Sichuan Province

作　　者：王正义 张毅[1] 张辉[1] 李奉芹 刘珈均 刘瑞瑛[1] 阳爱国[1] 王强 蔡冬冬[1] 沈朝建[3] Wang Zhengyi;Zhang Yi;Zhang Hui;Li Fengqin;Liu Jiajun;Liu Ruiying;Yang Aiguo;Wang Qiang;Cai Dongdong;Shen Chaojian(Sichuan Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan,China;Mianyang Center for Animal Disease Prevention and Control,Mianyang 621000,Sichuan,China;China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center,Qingdao 266032,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省动物疫病预防控制中心,四川成都610041 [2]绵阳市动物疫病预防控制中心,四川绵阳621000 [3]中国动物卫生与流行病学中心,山东青岛266032

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2025年第1期29-34,共6页China Animal Health Inspection

基　　金：绵阳市种猪疫病监测项目;四川省科技计划项目(2022ZDZX0017);中国兽医现场流行病学培训项目(CFETPV)。

摘　　要：为了解四川省绵阳市规模种猪场猪病毒性腹泻(PVD)病原流行情况,探寻场间传播的主要风险因素,按发现疫病的抽样策略,基于风险的采样方式,对绵阳市9个区县所有母猪存栏>100头的58个规模种猪场采集肛拭子样品1160份,利用荧光定量RT-PCR方法进行猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)、猪轮状病毒(PoRV)和传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)核酸检测,计算场群真实流行率;以问卷调查形式收集PVD病原场间传播风险因素,并对相关数据进行单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果显示;绵阳市规模化种猪场PVD场群真实流行率为18.87%,感染场群主要分布于平原或丘陵地区,感染病原主要为PEDV和PoRV,未检出TGEV,存在隐性带毒及混合感染情况;风险因素中,“饲料来源为自配”(OR=5.208,95%CI;1.047~25.895)、“司机协助场内人员共同上下货”(OR=6.504,95%CI;1.037~40.781)、“未要求对不进入场区的近场车辆彻底洗消”(OR=6.818,95%CI;1.225~37.948)3个因素具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结果表明;绵阳市规模种猪场PVD场群流行率较低,以PoRV和PEDV感染为主;“饲料来源为自配”“司机协助场内人员共同上货卸货”“未要求对不进入场区的近场车辆彻底洗消”3个因素是规模种猪场PVD病原场间传播的潜在风险因素。因此,规模种猪场应尽量减少自配饲料的使用,并加强对近场司机及车辆的生物安全管理,预防发生PVD。In order to investigate the prevalence of porcine viral diarrhea(PVD)pathogens on intensive pig breeding farms in Mianyang City,Sichuan Province,and to explore major risk factors of pathogen transmission among farms,1160 anal swabs were collected from 58 intensive farms with an inventory of above 100 sows in 9 districts/counties in the city,according to the sampling strategy for detected diseases and using the risk-based sampling method,to detect nucleic acids of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV),porcine rotavirus(PoRV)and transmissible gastroenteritis virus(TGEV)using fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR,and to calculate the true population prevalence;the risk factors of PVD transmission among farms were collected through questionnaire,followed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis based on relevant data.The results showed that the true population prevalence of PVD was 18.87%,the infected populations were mainly distributed in plain or hilly areas,dominated by PEDV and PoRV,and no TGEV was detected,presenting recessive and mixed infection;for the risk factors,“self-formulated feed”(OR=5.208,95%CI;1.047-25.895),“loading and unloading assisted by drivers”(OR=6.504,95%CI;1.037-40.781),and“surrounding vehicles that did not enter farms were not required to be completely cleaned and disinfected”(OR=6.818,95%CI;1.225-37.948),were statistically significant(P<0.05).In conclusion,the population prevalence of PVD was low on the farms in Mianyang City,dominated by PEDV and PoRV infection;and the potential risk factors of PVD pathogen transmission among farms were“self-formulated feed”“loading and unloading assisted by drivers”and“surrounding vehicles that did not enter farms were not required to be completely cleaned and disinfected”.Therefore,intensive pig breeding farms were recommended to minimize the use of selfformulated feed,and to strengthen the biosafety management for drivers and vehicles approaching farms to prevent any occurrence of PVD.

关 键 词：规模种猪场 猪病毒性腹泻 风险因素分析 横断面调查 

分 类 号：S851.3[农业科学—预防兽医学]