试验机液压夹持对金属材料拉伸强度的潜在影响  

The potential impact of hydraulic clamping in testing machines on the tensile strength of metallic materials

作　　者：吴栋梁 龚万选 郑红 WU Dongliang;GONG Wanxuan;ZHENG Hong(Sichuan Gongxin Engineering Experiment and Testing Co.,Ltd.,Zigong 643030;Zigong Institute of Inspection and Testing,Zigong 643000)

机构地区：[1]四川公信工程试验检测有限公司,四川自贡643030 [2]自贡检验检测院,四川自贡643000

出　　处：《中国建材科技》2024年第6期32-36,共5页China Building Materials Science & Technology

基　　金：四川公信工程试验检测有限公司科研项目(试验机力值准确性研究20140401)。

摘　　要：有的试验机,其精度高、甚至价格也相当昂贵;有出厂合格证书;试验机用户每年送检定校准;用户自己也常用标准测力仪进行期间核查;试验机的操作人员也是既有资格又有水平。但用这样的试验机做金属材料的拉伸试验其强度(包括下屈服强度、抗拉强度等)却可能小几个甚至几十个兆帕。这种由于试验机的潜在问题引起的强度偏小而试验机用户却并不知道,甚至参加省、部级或其他场合的圆钢、钢筋比对也是合格的;只有当参加用标准钢筋作为比对样品且以标准钢筋的最大允许误差作为判定依据时,比对结果才可能出现不满意。但即使如此,用户也不会怀疑是试验机的问题。本文专门对试验机的这种潜在问题进行研究、分析、找出解决方法。Some testing machines have high precision and are even quite expensive;Has a factory certificate of conformity;Testing machine users send annually calibration and verification;Users also frequently use standard force measuring instruments for periodic verification;The operators of the testing machine are both qualified and skilled.But when using such a testing machine for tensile testing of metal materials,their strength(including lower yield strength,tensile strength,etc.)may be a few or even tens of megapascals smaller This type of low strength is caused by potential issues with the testing machine,which the testing machine users are not aware of,and even participating in provincial,ministerial or other occasions;round steel and steel bar comparisons is qualified;only when standard steel bars are used as comparison samples and the maximum allowable error of standard steel bars is used as the judgment basis,can the comparison results be unsatisfactory.But even so,users will not suspect that it is a problem with the testing machine.This article focuses on researching,analyzing,and finding solutions to potential issues with testing machines.

关 键 词：试验机 金属材料 拉伸试验 液压夹持 下屈服强度 抗拉强度 

分 类 号：O346.4[理学—固体力学]