羊乳房炎抗性遗传研究进展  

Progress on Genetic Studies on Resistance to Mastitis in Sheep and Goats

作　　者：黄清思 向秋楠 曹家雪 张红平[1] 郭家中[1] HUANG Qingsi;XIANG Qiunan;CAO Jiaxue;ZHANG Hongping;GUO Jiazhong(College of Animal Science and Technology,Sichuan Agricultural University,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Sichuan Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物科技学院,畜禽遗传资源发掘与创新利用四川省重点实验室,四川成都611130

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2025年第1期73-81,共9页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：四川省自然科学基金(2023NSFSC0232);重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目(2022TIAD-CUX0005)。

摘　　要：乳房炎是制约奶羊业发展的常见疾病之一,通过遗传改良提高羊对乳房炎的抗性是有效且经济的手段。体细胞评分(Somatic Cell Score,SCS)作为衡量绵羊与山羊乳房炎抗性的重要指标,其遗传参数的准确估计为理解乳房炎抗性遗传基础提供了有力支持。近年来,以SCS作为表型,国内外学者对绵羊与山羊乳房炎抗性相关数量性状座位(Quantitative Trait Locus,QTLs)和候选基因的定位进行了广泛而深入的研究。同时,多组学技术进一步揭示了乳房炎感染过程中基因表达动态和蛋白质表达模式的变化。本文综述了SCS作为绵羊和山羊乳房炎抗性衡量指标的遗传参数估计、乳房炎抗性相关QTLs和候选基因的定位研究,以及多组学技术在解析抗性机制中的研究进展,以期为羊抗病品种的培育和乳房炎抗性遗传机制的解析提供理论参考。Mastitis is one of the common diseases limiting the economics of dairy sheep farming.Increasing sheep resistance to mastitis through genetic improvement is an effective and economical means.As an important indicator of mastitis resistance in sheep and goats,accurate estimation of the genetic parameters of somatic cell score(SCS)provides strong support for understanding the genetic basis of mastitis resistance.Using SCS as a phenotype,scholars at home and abroad have conducted extensive and in-depth studies on the localization of quantitative trait locus(QTLs)and candidate genes related to mastitis resistance in sheep and goats.Meanwhile,multi-omics techniques revealed the gene expression dynamics and changes in protein expression patterns during mastitis infection.In this paper,we reviewed the estimation of genetic parameters of SCS as a measure of mastitis resistance in sheep and goats,the localization studies of QTLs and candidate genes related to mastitis resistance,as well as the research progress of multi-omics in the resistance mechanism,with a view to providing theoretical references for the breeding of disease-resistant breeds of sheep and the analysis of the genetic mechanism of mastitis resistance.

关 键 词：乳房炎 体细胞评分 遗传力 QTL 绵羊 山羊 

分 类 号：S826.2[农业科学—畜牧学]