空间热环境对空间反应堆电源系统SP-100正常运行的影响  

Effect of Space Thermal Environment on Normal Operation of Space Reactor Power System SP-100

作　　者：黄金露 王成龙[1] 刘天才[2] 郭春秋[2] 田文喜[1] 苏光辉[1] 秋穗正[1] HUANG Jinlu;WANG Chenglong;LIU Tiancai;GUO Chunqiu;TIAN Wenxi;SU Guanghui;QIU Suizheng(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;China Institute of Atomic Energy,Beijing 102413,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,陕西西安710049 [2]中国原子能科学研究院,北京102413

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2025年第2期327-336,共10页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12075182);上海航天科技创新基金(SAST2022-021)。

摘　　要：空间反应堆电源从地球发射到在轨运行期间,处于复杂的空间热环境中,主要包括来自太阳的直接照射、地球反照和地球红外照射等。本文以SP-100堆芯-斯特林能量转换型空间反应堆电源系统为研究对象,借助热分析软件Thermal Desktop的SINDA/FLUINT和RadCAD模块开展了空间反应堆电源在轨运行期间的热分析计算,研究了空间热环境对空间反应堆电源正常运行的影响。根据空间反应堆电源轨道平面β角和轨道高度,确定电源在轨期间最热和最冷工况并开展热分析计算。结果表明,SP-100反应堆电源系统在轨满功率运行期间,温度随时间周期性变化,高温的一回路锂冷却温度随轨道周期波动变化较小,几乎无温差,而低温的二回路锂冷却剂温度随轨道周期波动变化较大,周期内辐射器进出口管道最大温差达25 K。空间热环境对空间反应堆电源温度的影响还同电源的轨道平面β角、轨道高度和轨道姿态有关。所以,需确定空间反应堆电源的轨道运行参数及姿态,以确保空间反应堆电源各部件都运行在可接受的温度以内,保障电源的运行安全。The space reactor power is in the complicated space thermal environment during the launching from earth to orbit,which mainly includes direct irradiation from the sun,earth albedo and earth infrared irradiation.In this study,SP-100 core-Stirling space reactor power system was taken as the research object,and the Thermal Desktop’s SINDA/FLUINT with RadCAD module was used to carry out thermal analysis and calculation during in-orbit operation of space reactor power,so as to study the influence of space thermal environment on normal operation of space reactor power.According to the calculation model,design input and orbit parameters of the space reactor,the three-dimensional temperature field distribution and space heat flow distribution of the space reactor under differentβangle,flight attitude and orbit altitude were obtained by setting four calculation conditions.Based on the difference of orbital planeβangle and orbital altitude of space reactor power supply,the hottest and coldest working conditions of power supply during orbit were determined and thermal analysis was carried out.The results show that the temperature of the SP-100 reactor power system changes periodically with time during full power operation in orbit.The temperature of the primary circuit lithium coolant at high temperature range changes little with the orbital period fluctuation,and there is almost no temperature difference,while the temperature of the secondary circuit lithium coolant at low temperature range changes greatly with the orbital period fluctuation,and the maximum temperature difference between the inlet and outlet ducts of the radiator is 25 K.The influence of space thermal environment on the temperature of space reactor power is also related to the orbital planeβangle,orbital altitude and orbital attitude of the space reactor power.Orbit attitude and orbit altitude have little influence on the normal operation of space reactor,whileβangle has obvious influence.Launching a space reactor into orbit when theβangle is larger

关 键 词：空间反应堆电源 空间热环境 Thermal Desktop 轨道运行参数 

分 类 号：TL425[核科学技术—核技术及应用]