GNSS星载原子钟性能评估分析  

Performance evaluation and analysis of GNSS spaceborne atomic clock

作　　者：彭思琦 白燕[1,2,3] 郭燕铭 陈晓锋 刘瑞 PENG Siqi;BAI Yan;GUO Yanming;CHEN Xiaofeng;LIU Rui(National Time Service Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi'an 710600,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Key Laboratory of Time Reference and Applications,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi'an 710312,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家授时中心,陕西西安710600 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]时间基准及应用重点实验室(中国科学院),陕西西安710312

出　　处：《测绘通报》2025年第1期88-93,100,共7页Bulletin of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2023YFB3906500)。

摘　　要：星载原子钟是卫星导航系统的关键部分,为系统提供平稳可靠的高精度时频信号,其性能的好坏决定了用户导航定位及授时精度的高低,因此对星载原子钟开展全面的性能评估尤为重要。本文介绍了星载原子钟性能评估的主要方法原理和预处理过程,分别从星载原子钟钟差数据的频率特征、拟合精度、频率准确度、频率漂移率和频率稳定度方面进行了总结分析,并结合德国地学中心GFZ提供的事后精密钟差产品对GNSS星载原子钟进行了全面的性能评估。结果表明,Galileo星载氢钟的拟合精度最佳,超过半数优于0.1 ns。Galileo和BDS-3星载氢钟在频率准确度分析和频率漂移率分析中表现良好,而在稳定度方面Galileo星载氢钟、BDS-3星载氢钟和GPSⅢ-A星载铷钟基本均处于10^(-15)/d量级。本文的研究在提高PNT可靠性和稳定性等方面具有重要意义。Spaceborne atomic clock is a key part of satellite navigation system,which provides stable and reliable high-precision time-frequency signals for the system.Its performance determines the user's navigation,positioning and timing accuracy,so it is particularly important to carry out comprehensive performance evaluation of spaceborne atomic clock.This paper introduces the main methods and principles of the performance evaluation of spaceborne atomic clocks and the pre-processing process,and summarizes and analyzes the frequency characteristics,fitting precision,frequency accuracy,frequency drift rate and frequency stability of the clock difference data of spaceborne atomic clocks.A comprehensive performance evaluation of GNSS spaceborne atomic clocks is carried out with the after-the-fact precision clock difference products provided by GFZ.The results show that the fitting accuracy of Galileo spaceborne hydrogen clock is the best,and more than half of them are better than 0.1 ns.Galileo and BDS-3 spaceborne hydrogen clocks perform well in frequency accuracy analysis and frequency drift rate analysis.In terms of stability,Galileo spaceborne hydrogen clock,BDS-3 spaceborne hydrogen clock and GPSⅢ-A spaceborne rubidium clock are basically in the order of 10^(-15)/d.The research in this paper is of great significance in improving the reliability and stability of PNT.

关 键 词：GNSS 星载原子钟 性能评估 频率准确度 频率漂移率 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]