半片PERC光伏组件中太阳电池切割面EL图像发黑的研究  

RESEARCH ON EL IMAGE BLACKENING OF SOLAR CELL CUTTING SURFACE IN HALF-PIECE PERC PV MODULES

作　　者：邹文杰 晏海刚 孙敬红 邱望愿 张仕君 罗伟 Zou Wenjie;Yan Haigang;Sun Jinghong;Qiu Wangyuan;Zhang Shijun;Luo Wei(Yiwu JingAo Solar Co.,Ltd.,Jinhua 322000,China)

机构地区：[1]义乌晶澳太阳能科技有限公司,金华322000

出　　处：《太阳能》2025年第1期79-86,共8页Solar Energy

摘　　要：与整片光伏组件相比,半片光伏组件具有更高的输出功率和更优越的可靠性,但在对此类光伏组件进行电致发光(EL)检测时发现,其频繁出现太阳电池切割面EL图像发黑的问题。首先对PERC太阳电池结构及烧结工艺原理、EL成像原理进行介绍;然后通过实验对半片PERC光伏组件中太阳电池的背场和背电极搭接处的外观、银铝接触电阻和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)下的微观结构进行分析研究,以推断太阳电池切割面EL图像发黑的原因;然后对该原因开展验证实验,并由此提出针对太阳电池背场和背电极搭接处接触效果的改善措施,从而提升光伏组件的良率。研究结果表明:1)背场和背电极搭接处重叠位置存在明显撕裂空隙是导致半片PERC光伏组件中太阳电池切割面EL图像发黑的主要原因。银、铝经过高温膨胀发生融合反应,由于反应过度导致合金化程度较高,而冷却时银、铝的热膨胀系数不同,在降温时银铝浆会出现回缩现象,导致背场和背电极搭接处重叠位置撕裂,出现缝隙空洞,从而使银铝接触效果变差,银铝接触电阻数值严重偏大,电流传输异常,最终导致半片PERC太阳电池切割面的EL图像发黑。2)通过控制PERC太阳电池烧结工艺中烧结区的烧结温度峰值,可降低其背场和背电极搭接处的银铝接触电阻,改善该位置的接触效果,从而改善半片PERC太阳电池切割面EL图像发黑的情况,最终可提升半片PERC光伏组件的良率。Compared with whole PV modules,half-piece PV modules have higher output power and superior reliability.However,when conducting electroluminescence(EL)testing on such PV modules,it is found that the problem of EL images blackening on the cutting surface of solar cells frequently occurs.This paper first introduces the structure and sintering process principle of PERC solar cells,as well as the EL imaging principle.Then,through experiments,the appearance,silver aluminum contact resistance,and microstructure of overlap between back field and back electrode of the solar cell detecting by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)in the half-piece PERC PV module are analyzed and studied to infer the reason for the EL image blackening on the cutting surface of the solar cell.Then,a verification experiment is conducted to investigate the cause,and improvement measures are proposed for the contact effect at the overlap between back field and back electrode of solar cells,thereby enhancing the yield of PV modules product.The research results show that:1)The obvious tearing gap at the overlap between back field and back electrode is the main reason for the EL image blackening of the solar cell cutting surface in the half-piece PERC PV module.Silver and aluminum undergo a fusion reaction due to high-temperature expansion,resulting in a high degree of alloying caused by excessive reaction.During cooling,the thermal expansion coefficients of silver and aluminum are different,and the silver aluminum paste will shrink during cooling,causing tearing at the overlap between back field and back electrode,resulting in gaps and voids,which deteriorates the silver aluminum contact effect,severely increases the silver aluminum contact resistance value,causes abnormal current transmission,and ultimately leads to EL image blackening of the half-piece PERC solar cell cutting surface.2)By controlling the peak sintering zone in the sintering temperature of the PERC solar cell sintering process,the silver aluminum contact resistance at the overlap bet

关 键 词：PERC光伏组件 半片技术 太阳电池切割面 背场和背电极搭接处 烧结温度 银铝接触 电致发光图像发黑 

分 类 号：TM615[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]