喂养困难儿童饮食行为评估试用量表的编制与评价  

The development and evaluation of a trial scale for the assessment of eating behavior in children with feeding difficulties

作　　者：杨小松 王硕 冯围围 陈岚[3] 章岚 刘建华[5] 丁承松 张风华 王箴[8] 徐韬 YANG Xiaosong;WANG Shuo;FENG Weiwei;CHEN Lan;ZHANG Lan;LIU Jianhua;DING Chengsong;ZHANG Fenghua;WANG Zhen;XU Tao(Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China;Maternal and Child Health Center,National Health Commission,Beijing 100081,China;Kunming Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Yunnan Kunming 650000,China;Chengdu Women and Children Central Hospital,Sichuan Chengdu 611731,China;Huangshi Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Hubei Huangshi 435000,China;Maanshan Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Anhui Maanshan 243011,China;Qingdao Maternal and Child Health and Family Planning Service Center,Shandong Qingdao 266000,China;Shenzhen Nanshan District Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Guangdong Shenzhen 518067,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心,北京102206 [2]国家卫生健康委妇幼健康中心,北京100081 [3]昆明市妇幼保健院,云南昆明650000 [4]成都市妇女儿童中心医院,四川成都611731 [5]黄石市妇幼保健院,湖北黄石435000 [6]马鞍山市妇幼保健院,安徽马鞍山243011 [7]青岛市妇幼保健计划生育服务中心,山东青岛266000 [8]深圳市南山区妇幼保健院,广东深圳518067

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2025年第1期93-98,共6页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

基　　金：中华国际医学交流基金会项目(Z-2017-24-2204);科技部基础资源调查专项(2017FY101104)。

摘　　要：目的编制适用于我国儿童保健门诊,用于评价满6月龄至不满6岁儿童饮食行为问题的量表。方法参考国内外常用相关评定量表,以IMFeD问卷为基础,通过专家小组讨论,按照食欲不佳、进食缓慢,挑食、偏食,恐惧进食,不良进食习惯/溺爱无规则养育,父母过度关注/强迫进食5个维度建立条目池。条目池依次通过预试验和德尔菲法,形成初始量表。2023年9月1日至2023年10月31日以深圳、青岛、黄石、马鞍山、昆明、成都的市级妇幼保健机构儿童保健科门诊作为调查现场,以门诊因喂养困难就诊的353名满6月龄至不满6岁的儿童为样本,由医务人员填写初始量表。通过离散趋势法、同质性检验法、因子分析法进行条目筛选,结合专家意见形成试用量表,并进行效度和信度评价。结果共筛选出24个条目。量表内容效度的各条目与本维度相关系数为0.613~0.868,结构效度的KMO值为0.885,累计方差贡献率为60.0%,条目载荷因子为0.481~0.876。量表整体Cronbachα系数为0.897,各维度Cronbachα系数为0.607~0.876,分半信度为0.765。结论试用量表具有良好的效度和信度,可进一步验证形成正式量表并在儿童保健门诊推广应用。Objective A scale applicable to children's health clinics in China was developed to evaluate the eating behavior problems of children aged 6 months to less than 6 years.Methods With reference to the commonly used domestic and foreign related rating scales,based on the IMFeD(Identification and Management of Difficulty for Children)questionnaire,through expert group discussion,an item pool was established according to five dimensions:poor appetite,slow eating,picky eating,partial eating,fear of eating,bad eating habits/doting on irregular parenting,and parents excessive concern/forced eating.The initial scale was formed by pre-test and Delphi method in turn.From September 1,2023 to October 31,2023,the outpatient clinics of the child health departments of municipal maternal and child health care institution in Shenzhen,Qingdao,Huangshi,Maanshan,Kunming and Chengdu as the investigation site,taking 353 children aged from 6 months to less than 6 years old who were treated in the outpatient department because of feeding difficulties as samples,and the initial scale was filled in by medical staff.The items were screened by discrete trend method,homogeneity test and factor analysis,and a trial scale was formed by combining expert opinions,and the validity and reliability were tested.Results A total of 24 entries were selected.The correlation coefficient between each item of the content validity of the scale and this dimension was 0.613-0.868.The KMO value of structural validity was 0.885,the cumulative variance contribution rate was 60.0%,and the item load factor was 0.481-0.876.The Cronbachαcoefficient of the whole scale was 0.897,and the Cronbachαcoefficient of each dimension was 0.607-0.876.Split-half reliability was 0.765.Conclusion The trial scale has good validity and reliability,which can be further validated to form a formal scale and be popularized and applied in child health care clinics.

关 键 词：喂养困难 儿童 饮食行为 量表 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]