基于模糊二阶高通滤波的光伏混合储能直流微网的功率分配控制  

Power Allocation Control of Photovoltaic Hybrid Energy Storage DC Microgrid Based on Fuzzy Second-Order High-Pass Filtering

作　　者：周珊 张伟杰 许丹宁 吴怡轩 屠淑敏 张有兵[2] ZHOU Shan;ZHANG Weijie;XU Danning;WU Yixuan;TU Shumin;ZHANG Youbing(Zhejiang Huayun Electric Power Engineering Design&Consulting Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310011,China;College of Information Engineering,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310023,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江华云电力工程设计咨询有限公司,浙江杭州310011 [2]浙江工业大学信息工程学院,浙江杭州310023

出　　处：《电机与控制应用》2025年第1期52-63,共12页Electric machines & control application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U22B20116)。

摘　　要：【目的】可再生能源出力具有随机性和波动性,直接并入电网会对其稳定运行产生影响。为了改善可再生能源发电系统的并网特性,引入了混合储能系统(HESS)。为了充分发挥直流微网中HESS的能量密度和功率密度优势,本文提出了一种基于模糊逻辑的变时间常数二阶高通滤波控制策略。【方法】首先,构建了光伏混合储能直流微网模型。然后,根据功率平衡关系设计了微网的功率分配策略,并根据各单元的特性设计了对应的控制策略。光伏发电单元采用模糊控制以实现最大功率点的快速跟踪,提高光伏发电单元的能源利用率。并网逆变器采用电压外环、电流内环的双闭环控制方式,以保证直流微网向配电网输送稳定的电力。设计了基于模糊逻辑的变时间常数二阶高通滤波方法,对HESS的功率进行分频分配,以提高直流微网中不平衡功率的分配精度。最后,基于Matlab/Simulink搭建了光伏混合储能直流微网仿真模型来验证所提控制策略的有效性。【结果】从HESS功率、直流母线电压以及超级电容荷电状态等方面对所提模糊变时间常数二阶高通滤波控制策略进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明,模糊变时间常数二阶高通滤波控制不仅能够实现直流微网不平衡功率在HESS中的分频分配,改善系统长时间运行导致的超级电容过充过放的状况,保障超级电容的性能稳定,延长其使用寿命,还能显著降低并网电流的总谐波失真。【结论】本文所提控制策略提高了光伏混合储能直流微网的运行可靠性和稳定性,为电网的高质量运行提供了有力保障。[Objective]The output of renewable energy is characterized by randomness and volatility,which can negatively impact the stable operation of power grids when directly integrated.To improve the grid connection characteristics of renewable energy generation systems,a hybrid energy storage system(HESS)has been introduced.To fully utilize the energy density and power density advantages of the HESS in DC microgrids,this paper proposes a fuzzy logic-based second-order high-pass filter control strategy with variable time constants.[Methods]Firstly,a photovoltaic hybrid energy storage DC microgrid model was constructed.Secondly,the power allocation strategy for the microgrid was designed based on power balance relationships,along with corresponding control strategies for each unit.The photovoltaic generation unit used fuzzy control to rapidly track the maximum power point,improving the energy utilization efficiency of the photovoltaic system.The grid-connected inverter adopted a double closed-loop control method,with an outer voltage loop and an inner current loop,to ensure stable power delivery to the distribution grid.A fuzzy logic-based second-order high-pass filter with variable time constants was designed to allocate power by frequency within the HESS,thereby improving the accuracy of unbalanced power distribution in the DC microgrid.Finally,a photovoltaic hybrid storage DC microgrid simulation model was built based on Matlab/Simulink to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.[Results]The simulations analyzed the HESS power,DC bus voltage,and state of charge of the supercapacitor.The results showed that the fuzzy variable time constant second-order high-pass filtering control not only facilitated the frequency-based allocation of unbalanced power in HESS,but also alleviated issues such as over-charging and over-discharging of the supercapacitor during long-term operation,thereby ensuring its stable performance and extending its lifespan.Moreover,the proposed method significantly reduced the total h

关 键 词：直流微网 混合储能 荷电状态 滤波控制 模糊逻辑 

分 类 号：TM76[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]