变频器时间谐波电流对永磁屏蔽电机性能影响分析  

Analysis of the Influence of Inverter Time Harmonic Current on the Performance of Permanent Magnet Shielded Motors

作　　者：池磊 李明[1] 王蓉 CHI Lei;LI Ming;WANG Rong(College of Control Science and Engineering,Bohai University,Jinzhou 121000,China)

机构地区：[1]渤海大学控制科学与工程学院,辽宁锦州121000

出　　处：《电机与控制应用》2025年第1期74-83,共10页Electric machines & control application

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅一般项目(LJ212410167024)

摘　　要：【目的】永磁屏蔽电机被广泛应用于对密封性和稳定性要求较高的领域,通常采用变频器给电机供电,而变频器供电时产生的时间谐波电流会导致电机性能恶化。因此深入研究时间谐波电流对电机性能的影响,对于优化电机设计、确保变频器供电时电机的稳定运行至关重要。【方法】基于有限元法进行建模,以一台额定功率1.5 kW、额定转速9000 r/min的永磁屏蔽电机为研究对象。对比分析了SUS304、SUS316和SUS430三种屏蔽套材料的永磁屏蔽电机在不同幅值的5次、7次时间谐波电流激励下的永磁体涡流损耗、屏蔽套损耗、转矩特性、效率以及功率因数。【结果】仿真结果表明:谐波激励的注入显著影响了电机损耗;随着谐波次数和谐波幅值的增加,永磁体涡流损耗和屏蔽套损耗均呈上升趋势,尤其是使用SUS430屏蔽套时,由于其较高的电导率和磁导率,导致涡流损耗增幅最大;谐波电流对平均转矩的影响很小,但转矩波动随着谐波次数和谐波幅值的增加而显著变大,而SUS430材料因其较高的磁导率能够有效地降低磁路中的磁阻,从而转矩波动最小;电机的功率因数变化较小,而效率随谐波幅值增加逐渐下降。【结论】本研究揭示了变频器供电引起的时间谐波电流对永磁屏蔽电机性能的影响规律,包括永磁体涡流损耗和屏蔽套损耗的增加、转矩波动的增大以及效率的下降;不仅为永磁屏蔽电机优化设计和谐波抑制提供理论依据,还对提高永磁屏蔽电机在实际应用中的性能与可靠性具有重要的参考价值。[Objective]Permanent magnet shielded motors are widely used in fields that require high sealing and stability.These motors are typically powered by inverters,but the time harmonic currents generated by the inverter can lead to a deterioration in motor performance.Therefore,an in-depth study of the impact of time harmonic current on motor performance is essential for optimizing motor design and ensuring stable operation when powered by inverters.[Methods]A finite element method was employed to model a permanent magnet shielded motor with a rated power of 1.5 kW and a rated speed of 9000 r/min.This study compared and analyzed the eddy current losses in the permanent magnets,shielded sleeve losses,torque characteristics,efficiency,and power factor of the motor under excitation from 5th and 7th order time harmonic currents with different amplitudes.Different materials for the shielded sleeve were also considered.[Results]Simulation results showed that the injection of harmonic excitation significantly affected the motor losses.As the harmonics order and amplitude increased,both the eddy current losses in the permanent magnets and the losses in the shielded sleeve showed an upward trend.Notably,when using SUS430 shielded sleeves,the increase in eddy current losses was the largest due to its higher electrical conductivity and magnetic permeability.The harmonic current had little effect on the average torque,but the torque fluctuation grew significantly with increasing harmonic order and amplitude.The SUS430 material,due to its high magnetic permeability,effectively reduced the magnetic resistance in the magnetic circuit,thereby minimizing torque fluctuation.The power factor of the motor showed minimal variation,while the efficiency gradually decreased as the harmonic amplitude increased.[Conclusion]This study reveals the effects of time harmonic currents caused by inverter power supplies on the performance of permanent magnet shielded motors,including increased eddy current losses in the permanent magnets and shielded

关 键 词：永磁屏蔽电机 时间谐波电流 有限元法 电机性能 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]